Abstract

Sociologists have not adequately explored how Du Bois’ concept of double consciousness could be used to study the role of cisnormative oppression in self-formation or how it could enrich studies of self-formation beyond the Atlantic world. This article addresses these gaps by merging postcolonial feminist theory and the concept of double consciousness to analyze kathoey self-formation. Kathoey are gender nonconforming (GNC) individuals in Thailand who are assigned male at birth and live as women. Drawing upon participant observation, in-depth interviews, and content analysis, I propose an extension to double consciousness called “paired double consciousness.” This framework explains how cisnormative and neocolonial oppression lead kathoey to experience two veils. The first veil divides self-formation between kathoey and dominant cisgender worlds within Thai society, which produces “gender double consciousness.” The second veil divides self-formation between kathoey and dominant transgender worlds within a global community, which creates “transnational double consciousness.”

中文翻译：

---

配对双重意识：泰国凯蒂自我形成中的杜波依斯性别与跨国双重意识研究

摘要

社会学家尚未充分探讨杜波依斯的双重意识概念如何用于研究顺义性压迫在自我形成中的作用或如何丰富大西洋世界以外的自我形成的研究。本文通过将后殖民女性主义理论和双重意识概念相结合来分析kathoey的自我形成，从而解决了这些空白。Kathoey是泰国的性别不符合（GNC）个人，出生时被分配为男性，并以女性身份生活。根据参与者的观察，深入的访谈和内容分析，我提出了双重意识的扩展，称为“配对双重意识”。这个框架解释了顺式规范和新殖民主义的压迫如何导致凯瑟琳经历两个面纱。第一个面纱在泰国社会内的kathoey和主导的cisgender世界之间划分自我形成，从而产生“性别双重意识”。第二个面纱在全球共同体中，将kathoey和占主导地位的跨性别世界之间的自我形成划分开来，从而创造出“跨国双重意识”。