A new method based on the innovation of Kalman filter and extrapolation-accumulation is proposed to detect weak frequency anomalies in atomic clocks with short detection time and high detection probability. In this method, the detection statistics of the innovation extrapolation method in several epochs are accumulated. It avoids the influence of outliers, increases the noncentrality parameter of chi-square distribution, and realizes more effective detection of weak frequency anomalies. The simulation results show that compared with the innovation method and the innovation extrapolation method, the new method has a higher detection probability for micro frequency anomalies, and the detection time is shortened. The new method is used to analyze the real data of the cesium atomic clock, and the results are consistent with the simulation results.

提出了一种基于卡尔曼滤波器创新和外推累加的新方法，用于检测原子钟中检测频率短，检测概率高的弱频率异常。在这种方法中，累积了多个时期的创新外推方法的检测统计数据。它避免了离群值的影响，增加了卡方分布的非中心性参数，并实现了对弱频率异常的更有效检测。仿真结果表明，与创新方法和创新外推方法相比，新方法对微小频率异常的检测概率更高，检测时间缩短。该新方法用于分析铯原子钟的真实数据，其结果与仿真结果相吻合。