The temperature distribution of the bridge and its thermal effect has always been an important issue for researchers. To investigate the temperature distribution and thermal stress in the steel-concrete composite bridge deck, a 1:4 ratio temperature gradient effect experimental study was carried out in this paper. First, a set of experimental equipment for laboratory temperature gradient loading was designed based on the principle of temperature gradient caused by solar radiation, the temperature gradient obtained from the measurements were compared with the specifications and verified by the FE method. Next, the loading of the steel-concrete composite deck at different temperatures was performed. The thermal stress response and change trend of the simply supported and continuously constrained boundary conditions under different temperature loads were analyzed. The experimental results show that the vertical temperature of steel-concrete composite bridge deck is nonlinear, which is consistent with the temperature gradient trend of specifications. The vertical temperature gradient has a great influence on the steel-concrete composite bridge deck under different constraints, and the extreme stress of concrete slab and steel beam is almost linear with the temperature gradient. Finally, some suggestions for steel-concrete composite deck design were provided based on the research results.

桥的温度分布及其热效应一直是研究人员的重要课题。为了研究钢-混凝土复合桥面板的温度分布和热应力，本文进行了1：4比例的温度梯度效应实验研究。首先，根据太阳辐射引起的温度梯度原理，设计了一套用于实验室温度梯度加载的实验设备，将测量得到的温度梯度与技术指标进行了比较，并通过有限元方法进行了验证。接下来，在不同温度下进行钢-混凝土复合板的加载。分析了不同温度载荷下简单支撑和连续约束边界条件的热应力响应和变化趋势。实验结果表明，钢-混凝土组合桥面板的竖向温度是非线性的，与规范的温度梯度趋势一致。竖向温度梯度在不同约束条件下对钢混混凝土桥面板的影响很大，混凝土板和钢梁的极限应力几乎与温度梯度成线性关系。最后，根据研究成果，提出了钢-混凝土复合桥面设计的一些建议。这与规格的温度梯度趋势一致。竖向温度梯度在不同约束条件下对钢混混凝土桥面板的影响很大，混凝土板和钢梁的极限应力几乎与温度梯度成线性关系。最后，根据研究成果，提出了钢-混凝土复合桥面设计的一些建议。这与规格的温度梯度趋势一致。竖向温度梯度在不同约束条件下对钢混混凝土桥面板的影响很大，混凝土板和钢梁的极限应力几乎与温度梯度成线性关系。最后，根据研究成果，提出了钢-混凝土复合桥面设计的一些建议。