We employed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method to systematically review research on music practice from 1928 until June 2020 and identified a total of 3,102 records using our inclusion criteria, of which a total of 296 were eventually selected for the final analysis. We tabulated percentages and frequencies of (a) publications in ten-year periods, (b) type of publications, (c) sampling by geographical location, (d) methodologies used, (e) the top tenth percentile of the most highly cited research, and (f) topics covered. Our analyses reveal that particularly strong growth occurred in the literature between 2000 and 2020. In the literature we retrieved, the most commonly sampled research participants were those in the United States, followed by the United Kingdom and Australia. Quantitative research designs were most prevalent, accounting for two-thirds of all studies reviewed (66.2%), with questionnaires and recordings being the most common methods of data collection. Non-empirical papers (17.5%) as well as studies incorporating qualitative (13.5%) and mixed-methods designs (3.1%) were much less prevalent. Ericsson et al.’s (1993) seminal study of deliberate practice, Driskell et al.’s (1994) review of the research literature on mental practice, and Sloboda et al.’s (1996) study of young musicians were by far the most often cited. Overall, the most common topics addressed were deliberate practice, practice strategies, mental practice, the benefits of practice, metacognition, self-regulation, and self-efficacy, suggesting that music practice is a rich, multifaceted, and complex activity. In light of the findings, recommendations for practice and implications for future research are provided.

我们采用PRISMA（系统评价和元分析的首选报告项目）方法来系统地审查1928年至2020年6月的音乐实践研究，并根据我们的纳入标准确定了总计3,102条记录，最终最终选择了296条记录归根结底。我们列出了（a）十年内出版物的百分比和频率，（b）出版物类型，（c）按地理位置抽样，（d）使用的方法，（e）被引用最多的研究的前十个百分位，以及（f）涵盖的主题。我们的分析表明，在2000年至2020年之间，文献发生了特别强劲的增长。在我们检索的文献中，最常被抽样的研究对象是美国的研究对象，其次是英国和澳大利亚。定量研究设计最为普遍，占所审查所有研究的三分之二（66.2％），其中问卷和记录是最常见的数据收集方法。非经验论文（17.5％）以及结合定性研究（13.5％）和混合方法设计的研究（3.1％）的流行率要低得多。爱立信（Ericsson）等人（1993）的有意实践的开创性研究，Driskell等人（1994）对心理实践的研究文献的回顾以及Sloboda等人（1996）的年轻音乐家的研究到目前为止最常被引用。总体而言，最常见的主题是故意练习，练习策略，心理练习，练习的好处，元认知，自我调节和自我效能，这表明音乐练习是一项丰富，多面且复杂的活动。根据调查结果，