The majority of epidemic Vibrio cholerae strains have become resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents for many reasons, including mutations, horizontal gene transfers, etc. Therefore, secondary means of treatment are needed to overcome this impediment in combating cholera. Desmodium triflorum (L.) and Terminalia citrina (Roxb.) are extensively used in traditional medicine. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Desmodium triflorum (L.) whole plant and Terminalia citrina (Roxb.) fruits against V. cholerae isolates. Initially, different extracts of both plant materials were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening. Anti-V. cholerae activities were assessed by performing MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) test using disc diffusion method with different concentrations (1.25, 2.50, 8.00, 10.00, 12.50, 15.00 mg/ml) where standard discs of gentamycin and meropenem (10 μg/disc) were used. Further, Brine shrimp lethality bioassay was done to evaluate the extracts’ cytotoxic activities using different concentrations (800, 400, 200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 μg/ml) against vincristine sulphate. The preliminary screening confirms the presence of convenient phytochemical constituents like flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, etc., and are liable for the emergence of the antibacterial activities in different strains. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of both methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Terminalia citrina (fruits) and Desmodium triflorum (L.) (whole plant) were found to be 2.50 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml, respectively. Moreover, 100% mortality was observed only in ethanolic extract of Terminalia citrina fruits at the highest concentration (800 μg/ml). In comparison, the rest of the test extracts showed less than 90% mortality at the highest concentration (800 μg/ml). Both plants possess significant phytoconstituents and showed appreciable anti-V. cholerae activities with mild toxicity. Hence, Desmodium triflorum (L.) whole plant and Terminalia citrina (Roxb.) fruits may be recommended as potential phytotherapy against cholera disease.

中文翻译：

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三花木s全株和桔顶榄（Roxb。）果实含酒精提取物的体外细胞毒性和抗霍乱弧菌活性

大多数流行的霍乱弧菌菌株由于多种原因，已对多种抗菌药产生抗药性，包括突变，水平基因转移等。因此，需要辅助治疗手段来克服抵抗霍乱的这一障碍。Triflorum（L.）和Terminalia citrina（Roxb。）被广泛用于传统医学中。因此，本研究旨在评估三花果（Desmodium triflorum（L.））整株植物和榄仁（Terminalia citrina）（Roxb。）果实的甲醇和乙醇提取物对霍乱弧菌的抗菌活性。最初，对两种植物材料的不同提取物进行定性植物化学筛选。反V。通过使用不同浓度（1.25、2.50、8.00、10.00、12.50、15.00 mg / ml）的椎间盘扩散法进行MIC（最低抑菌浓度）试验评估霍乱活性，其中庆大霉素和美罗培南的标准椎间盘浓度为10μg/片用过的。此外，使用了不同浓度（800、400、200、100、50、25、12.5、6.25μg/ ml）的硫酸长春新碱，对盐水虾进行了致死性生物测定，以评估提取物的细胞毒活性。初步筛选证实了便利的植物化学成分的存在，如类黄酮，生物碱，糖苷，单宁酸等，并有可能在不同菌株中产生抗菌活性。桔梗（果实）和三花果（L. Desmodium triflorum）的甲醇和乙醇提取物的最低抑菌浓度。）（整个植物）分别为2.50 mg / ml和5 mg / ml。此外，仅在最高浓度（800μg/ ml）的榄仁榄仁果实的乙醇提取物中观察到100％的死亡率。相比之下，其余的测试提取物在最高浓度（800μg/ ml）下显示出不到90％的死亡率。两种植物均具有重要的植物成分，并显示出明显的抗V。霍乱活动有轻度毒性。因此，可能推荐将三花木犀（L.）整株植物和桔果（Terminalia citrina）（Roxb。）水果推荐为对抗霍乱疾病的潜在植物疗法。其余测试提取物在最高浓度（800μg/ ml）下显示出不到90％的死亡率。两种植物均具有重要的植物成分，并显示出明显的抗V。霍乱活动有轻度毒性。因此，可能推荐将三花木犀（L.）整株植物和桔果（Terminalia citrina）（Roxb。）水果推荐为对抗霍乱疾病的潜在植物疗法。其余测试提取物在最高浓度（800μg/ ml）下显示出不到90％的死亡率。两种植物均具有重要的植物成分，并显示出明显的抗V。霍乱活动有轻度毒性。因此，可能推荐将三花木犀（L.）整株植物和桔果（Terminalia citrina）（Roxb。）水果推荐为对抗霍乱疾病的潜在植物疗法。