BNO 1016 is an ethanolic extract of a mixture of five herbs that has been sold in different formulations for decades in the European market and more recently, in the United States market as an over-the-counter treatment for rhinosinusitis. Previous studies indicated activation of chloride secretion and increase in ciliary beat frequency by BNO 1016 but the functional consequences on mucociliary transport velocity and airway surface liquid homeostasis are unknown. This study intends to examine the effects of BNO 1016 on these properties in vitro. Human sinonasal epithelial cells were grown at an air-liquid interface, with addition of BNO 1016 basolaterally in each experiment. Polystyrene fluorescent microspheres were added to the apical surface of the culture, and distance traveled across the surface of the culture over a fixed time period was measured using live imaging. BNO 1016 concentrations of 50 μg/ml and 500 μg/ml were tested. Basolateral application of compound resulted in a non-dose-dependent increase in culture surface liquid height compared to controls at 30 min, and this effect persisted through the one-hour duration of the experiment (p < 0.01). Basolateral application of BNO 1016 also resulted in a non-dose-dependent increase in microsphere transport velocity at 45 and 60 min following compound application (p < 0.01). Basolateral application of BNO 1016 at a concentration mimicking post-ingestion serum levels appears to elicit increases in cell culture surface liquid height and mucociliary clearance, as assessed by microsphere transport velocity. These properties can potentially be leveraged for therapeutic efficacy in diseases affecting mucus production and mucociliary transport.

中文翻译：

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BNO 1016对鼻窦上皮培养物纤毛运输速度和细胞培养液面高度的影响

BNO 1016是五种草药的混合物的乙醇提取物，已经以不同的配方出售了数十年，在欧洲市场上以及最近在美国市场上，作为鼻-鼻窦炎的非处方治疗药物。先前的研究表明BNO 1016激活了氯化物的分泌并增加了纤毛的搏动频率，但对粘膜纤毛运输速度和气道表面液体稳态的功能性后果尚不明确。这项研究旨在检查BNO 1016在体外对这些特性的影响。人鼻窦上皮细胞在气液界面生长，每个实验中均在基底外侧添加BNO 1016。将聚苯乙烯荧光微球添加到培养物的顶端表面，并使用实时成像测量在固定时间段内穿过培养物表面的距离。测试了BNO 1016浓度为50μg/ ml和500μg/ ml。与对照相比，在30分钟时，化合物的基底外侧施用导致培养物表面液体高度的非剂量依赖性增加，并且这种效果在实验的一小时持续时间内持续存在（p <0.01）。BNO 1016的基底外侧施用还导致化合物施用后45和60分钟时微球转运速度的非剂量依赖性增加（p <0.01）。根据微球转运速度评估，BNO 1016的基底外侧施用浓度类似于摄入后的血清水平，似乎会引起细胞培养液表面高度和粘液纤毛清除率的增加。