A total lightning data assimilation (LDA) scheme is developed at the cloud‐resolving scale in this study. The LDA scheme assimilates total lightning data through the ensemble square root filter (EnSRF) method based on the relationship between the maximum vertical velocity and the instantaneous flash rate. To verify the effect of LDA, three assimilation experiments based on a convective activity on July 6, 2019 are performed. The results show that all LDA experiments can improve the forecast. LDA improves the water vapor field and provides a warm and moist environment in which convection can develop. LDA can also increase the convergence at low levels and the divergence at upper levels, which leads to intense convection development. However, the LDA experiment that does not consider vertical localization (LDA_no) shows excessive adjustments of the model variables, which leads to overestimation of precipitation. The LDA experiment which adjusts the state variables in the charge zone (LDA_CZ) underestimates the forecast. The LDA experiment using a global group filter (GGF) localization function (LDA_GGF) is optimal in theory and produces a better forecast. The results of LDA_GGF show that the interaction between the cold pool and the strong low‐level vertical wind shear in front of the cold pool is beneficial for triggering new convection in front of the convection, which leads to a rapid shifting in convective activity. In addition, the LDA_GGF scheme is evaluated further for a rainfall process on August 1, 2020 and obtains similar forecast improvements for composite reflectivity and accumulated precipitation.

中文翻译：

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通过EnSRF方法从总闪电数据转换而来的最大垂直速度的同化

在本研究中，总的雷电数据同化（LDA）方案是在云解决规模上开发的。LDA方案基于最大垂直速度和瞬时闪速之间的关系，通过集合平方根滤波器（EnSRF）方法吸收总闪电数据。为了验证LDA的效果，于2019年7月6日进行了基于对流活动的三个同化实验。结果表明，所有LDA实验都可以提高预测效果。LDA改善了水蒸气场，并提供了可以在其中发展对流的温暖湿润的环境。LDA还可以提高低层的收敛性和上层的发散度，从而导致强烈的对流发展。然而，不考虑垂直局部化（LDA_no）的LDA实验显示模型变量的过度调整，这导致了对降水的高估。调整充电区中的状态变量（LDA_CZ）的LDA实验低估了预测值。使用全局组过滤器（GGF）定位函数（LDA_GGF）的LDA实验在理论上是最佳的，并且可以提供更好的预测。LDA_GGF的结果表明，冷池与冷池前强低空垂直风切变之间的相互作用有利于在对流前引发新的对流，从而导致对流活动的快速变化。此外，针对8月1日的降雨过程，将进一步评估LDA_GGF方案。