Parental responses to negative emotion, one key component of emotion socialization, may function to increase (or decrease) reactive aggression over time via indirect effects on emotion dysregulation. However, despite its transdiagnostic relevance, very little research has examined this developmental risk pathway, and no studies have done so during the volatile and vulnerable transition to adolescence. The current study uses a sample of clinically referred youth (N = 162; mean age = 12.03 years; 47% female) and their parents to examine supportive and non-supportive parental responses to negative emotion using a multi-method (questionnaire, ecological momentary assessment [EMA], observation), multi-informant approach (child-, parent-, clinician-rated). Emotion dysregulation and reactive aggression were assessed via child report during a 4-day EMA protocol completed concurrently and 9 months later. Multivariate structural equation modeling was used to examine direct and indirect paths from parental responses to emotion to daily reports of emotion dysregulation and reactive aggression. Consistent with hypotheses, parental responses to emotion predicted reactive aggression via effects on emotion dysregulation. This indirect effect was present for supportive and non-supportive parental responses to emotion, such that supportive parental responses decreased risk, and non-supportive responses increased risk. Moreover, findings indicated differential prediction by informant, and this was specific to supportive parental responses to emotion, whereby child-reported support was protective, while parent-reported support, unexpectedly, had the opposite effect. The clinical significance of integrating supportive and non-supportive parental responses to negative emotion into etiological and intervention models of reactive aggression is discussed.

父母对消极情绪的反应（情绪交往的一个重要组成部分）可能通过对情绪失调的间接影响而随着时间的推移增加（或减少）反应性攻击。然而，尽管它具有诊断的相关性，但很少有研究检查这种发育风险途径，并且在多变和脆弱的向青春期过渡期间没有进行过研究。当前的研究使用的是临床转诊青年（N = 162; 平均年龄= 12.03岁；47％的女性）及其父母使用多方法（问卷，生态瞬时评估[EMA]，观察），多信息方法（儿童，父母，临床医生，额定）。情绪失调和反应性攻击是通过儿童报告评估的，在同时完成的4天EMA方案中以及9个月后。多元结构方程模型用于检查从父母对情绪的反应到情绪失调和反应性攻击的日常报告的直接和间接路径。与假设一致的是，父母对情绪的反应通过对情绪失调的影响来预测反应性侵略。这种间接影响存在于父母对情绪的支持和非支持反应中，这样父母支持性反应会降低风险，非支持性反应会增加风险。此外，调查结果表明线人的预测不同，这是父母对情感的支持反应所特有的，因此，儿童报告的支持具有保护作用，而父母报告的支持出乎意料地起到相反的作用。讨论将支持和不支持父母对负面情绪的反应纳入反应性攻击的病因和干预模型的临床意义。出乎意料的是，产生了相反的效果。讨论将支持和不支持父母对负面情绪的反应纳入反应性攻击的病因和干预模型的临床意义。出乎意料的是，产生了相反的效果。讨论将支持和不支持父母对负面情绪的反应纳入反应性攻击的病因和干预模型的临床意义。