This study investigated the large-scale El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation indices teleconnections with the spring chemographs and δ¹⁸O time series in the Sarabkalan Spring, Zagros Mountains, Iran. It was intended to document a karst system by identifying synchrony and coupling between climate indices and its precipitation, spring discharge, chemographs, and isotopes. Here, we used the continuous wavelet transform and wavelet coherence. The findings demonstrated that El Niño Southern Oscillation is more correlated with EC, Ca + Mg, K, and Cl while Pacific Decadal Oscillation is largely teleconnected with EC, Na, and K. Also, the El Niño phenomena coupled with either positive or neutral Pacific Decadal Oscillation phased appeared to cause a decrease in δ¹⁸O. It is further found that in addition to its quick pulses in the spring, intense precipitation can also substantially affect the spring discharge even up to ~ 1.5-years later. The discharge and physicochemical parameters of EC, HCO3 + SO4, HCO3, Mg, and Na are out of phase, indicating that the constituent concentrations generally decrease over wet years of high discharge. This work highlighted the necessity of a combination of hydrogeological and climatic-oceanic-atmospheric factors from the local to global scales to improve water resources planning and operations in karst water resources.

这项研究调查了大规模的厄尔尼诺-南方涛动和太平洋十年涛动指数遥与弹簧chemographs和δ ¹⁸在Sarabkalan春天，扎格罗斯山脉，伊朗O时间系列。它旨在通过识别气候指数与其降水，泉水排放，化学图和同位素之间的同步和耦合来记录岩溶系统。在这里，我们使用了连续小波变换和小波相干性。研究结果表明，厄尔尼诺现象的南方涛动与EC，Ca + Mg，K和Cl的相关性更高，而太平洋十进制涛动在很大程度上与EC，Na和K遥相关。此外，厄尔尼诺现象与正或中性的太平洋相耦合。年代际振荡分阶段出现导致δ下降¹⁸O.进一步发现，除了在春季出现快速脉动外，强烈的降水甚至在大约1.5年后也会严重影响春季的出水量。EC，HCO3 + SO4，HCO3，Mg和Na的排放和理化参数是异相的，这表明在高排放的潮湿年份中，成分浓度通常会降低。这项工作强调了从地方到全球范围结合水文地质和气候-海洋-大气因素的必要性，以改善岩溶水资源的水资源规划和运行。