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Mobile Broadband for Inclusive Connectivity: What Deters the High-Capacity Deployment of 4G-LTE Innovation in India?
Information Systems Frontiers ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-14 , DOI: 10.1007/s10796-021-10128-6
Ashutosh Jha , Debashis Saha

The global market uptake of the fourth generation-Long-Term Evolution (4G-LTE) Mobile Broadband (MoBro) services are steadily rising, leading to higher capital investments by mobile network operators (MNOs) to scale-up their infrastructure for meeting the impending demand for MoBro data the world over. However, MNOs face uncertainties about financial returns from such investments, owing to a host of technological and market-related factors, which impact the enablement of such 4G-LTE MoBro services. These challenges are clearly evident in the Indian market. Firstly, 4G-LTE subscribers in the rural India contribute to less than one-third of the overall market size. Secondly, India performs poorly in terms of minimum capacity requirements of the 4G-LTE MoBro services. Thirdly, the rise in per-user consumption of MoBro data does not translate into a similar rise in the MNOs’ revenue. Fourthly, the socio-economic-geographic segregation of India into twenty-two administrative zones (referred to as telecom circles) add to the complexities in the capital investment decisions of MNOs. To address the above challenges, we model various cost and profitability scenarios of a hypothetical MNO providing universal 4G-LTE deployment across the twenty-two telecom circles in India using the available spectrum bands. Our proposed model is firmly established in the “network investment economics” framework for telecom innovations. We adopt a technology diffusion-based approach to forecast the 4G-LTE subscribers in India. We focus on the requirements of 4G-LTE MoBro infrastructure investments, including the spectrum selection decisions by MNOs, and show that, for valuation of the spectrum, the policymakers in India need to take into account the potential of the spectrum in terms of financial returns to an MNO deploying 4G-LTE using that spectrum, as against merely valuing the spectrum based on primarily the technical characteristics of its carrier frequency and benchmarks of prior spectrum auction prices in a particular telecom circle. Finally, we also show that a nationwide 4G-LTE network, which is universal, inclusive, and adhering to the global standards in terms of service quality, can be financially lucrative for MNOs, if enabled by appropriate policies instituting collaborative frameworks for infrastructure sharing, and price rationalization of spectrum bands across the twenty-two telecom circles.



中文翻译:

用于包容性连接的移动宽带:是什么阻碍了印度4G-LTE创新的大容量部署?

第四代长期演进(4G-LTE)移动宽带(MoBro)服务在全球的市场占有率正在稳步上升,从而导致移动网络运营商(MNO)进行了更高的资本投资,以扩大其基础架构来满足迫在眉睫的需求全球对MoBro数据的需求。然而,由于众多技术和市场相关因素,移动运营商面临着来自此类投资的财务回报的不确定性,这影响了此类4G-LTE MoBro服务的启用。这些挑战在印度市场上显而易见。首先,印度农村地区的4G-LTE用户所占市场份额不到三分之一。其次,就4G-LTE MoBro服务的最低容量要求而言,印度表现不佳。第三,MoBro数据的每用户消耗量的增加并没有转化为MNO收入的类似增加。第四,印度在二十二个行政区(称为电信圈)中的社会经济,地理隔离增加了跨国公司的资本投资决策的复杂性。为了应对上述挑战,我们对一个假设的MNO的各种成本和获利情况进行了建模,该MNO使用可用频谱在印度的22个电信圈中提供了通用4G-LTE部署。我们提出的模型已牢固地建立在电信创新的“网络投资经济学”框架中。我们采用基于技术扩散的方法来预测印度的4G-LTE用户。我们专注于4G-LTE MoBro基础设施投资的要求,包括MNO的频谱选择决定,并表明,在对频谱进行估值时,印度的决策者需要考虑频谱潜力对使用该频谱部署4G-LTE的MNO的财务回报而言。仅主要基于其载波频率的技术特性和特定电信圈中先前频谱拍卖价格的基准来评估频谱。最后,我们还表明,如果建立适当的政策(建立协作基础架构共享框架)的适当政策能够使MNO在全国范围内具有普遍性,包容性并遵循全球标准的4G-LTE网络可以为MNO带来丰厚的利润,以及22个电信界的频谱价格合理化。为了评估频谱,印度的决策者需要考虑频谱潜力,以使用该频谱的MNO部署4G-LTE的MNO的财务回报为依据,而不是仅仅根据频谱的技术特征来评估频谱特定电信圈中的载波频率和先前频谱拍卖价格的基准。最后,我们还表明,如果建立适当的政策(建立协作基础架构共享框架)的适当政策能够使MNO在全国范围内具有普遍性,包容性并遵循全球标准的4G-LTE网络可以为MNO带来丰厚的利润,以及22个电信界的频谱价格合理化。为了评估频谱,印度的决策者需要考虑频谱潜力,以使用该频谱的MNO部署4G-LTE的MNO的财务回报为依据,而不是仅仅根据频谱的技术特征来评估频谱特定电信圈中的载波频率和先前频谱拍卖价格的基准。最后,我们还表明,如果建立适当的政策(建立协作基础架构共享框架)的适当政策能够使MNO在全国范围内具有普遍性,包容性并遵循全球标准的4G-LTE网络可以为MNO带来丰厚的利润,以及22个电信界的频谱价格合理化。印度的政策制定者需要考虑频谱在使用该频谱部署4G-LTE的MNO的财务回报方面的潜力,而不是仅仅主要根据其载波频率的技术特征和先前的基准来评估频谱特定电信圈中的频谱拍卖价格。最后,我们还表明,如果建立适当的政策(建立协作基础架构共享框架)的适当政策能够使MNO在全国范围内具有普遍性,包容性并遵循全球标准的4G-LTE网络可以为MNO带来丰厚的利润,以及22个电信界的频谱价格合理化。印度的政策制定者需要考虑频谱在使用该频谱部署4G-LTE的MNO的财务回报方面的潜力,而不是仅仅主要根据其载波频率的技术特征和先前的基准来评估频谱特定电信圈中的频谱拍卖价格。最后,我们还表明,如果建立适当的政策(建立协作基础架构共享框架)的适当政策能够使MNO在全国范围内具有普遍性,包容性并遵循全球标准的4G-LTE网络可以为MNO带来丰厚的利润,以及22个电信界的频谱价格合理化。而不是仅仅根据其载波频率的技术特征和特定电信圈中先前频谱拍卖价格的基准来对频谱进行估值。最后,我们还表明,如果建立适当的政策(建立协作基础架构共享框架)的适当政策能够使MNO在全国范围内具有普遍性,包容性并遵循全球标准的4G-LTE网络可以为MNO带来丰厚的利润,以及22个电信界的频谱价格合理化。而不是仅仅根据其载波频率的技术特征和特定电信圈中先前频谱拍卖价格的基准来对频谱进行估值。最后,我们还表明,如果建立适当的政策(建立协作基础架构共享框架)的适当政策能够使MNO在全国范围内具有普遍性,包容性并遵循全球标准的4G-LTE网络可以为MNO带来丰厚的利润,以及22个电信界的频谱价格合理化。

更新日期:2021-04-14
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