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Behaviour and performance of a dynamic cobble berm revetment during a spring tidal cycle in North Cove, Washington State, USA
Coastal Engineering ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-14 , DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2021.103898
Paul M. Bayle , George M. Kaminsky , Chris E. Blenkinsopp , Heather M. Weiner , David Cottrell

In many places, sandy coastlines and their associated assets are at high risk of erosion and flooding, with this risk increasing under climate change and sea level rise. In this context, dynamic cobble berm revetments represent a potentially sustainable protection technique to armour sandy beaches, reduce wave runup and protect the hinterland against wave attack. However, the behaviour and performance of such structures is not well understood. The dynamic cobble berm revetment located in North Cove, WA, USA, was monitored over a spring tidal cycle in January 2019. A representative 60 m alongshore section was monitored over 10 days using 2D laser scanner (lidar) measurements, GPS ground elevation surveys, Radio Frequency Identification of individual cobbles and revetment thickness measurements. These data were used together to assess the dynamic behaviour and functionality of the revetment throughout the experiment. Over the course of the experiment, the surface elevation changed by up to ±0.5 m, and the revetment volume reduced by an average 0.67 m3/m. These changes were found to be caused by relatively large significant wave height and high water levels. The revetment demonstrated a dynamic stability and the capacity to quickly reshape under changing hydrodynamic conditions. The instrumented cobbles were transported along and cross-shore and accumulated at the toe of the revetment, but were never transported seaward of the toe. The revetment also managed to recover some of the lost volume under moderate wave conditions. The revetment behaviour was found to be influenced by variation in the cobble-sand matrix. The underlying sand dynamics – i.e., accumulation or removal of sand within the cobbles – were found to govern the overall volume changes and were important to the overall stability of the revetment. Seven possible transport regimes were identified, and a model of the internal sand dynamics was developed. During the spring tidal cycle measured here, the revetment protected the sand scarp immediately landward and prevented flooding of the hinterland, while armouring the underlying sand. Over time, renourishment will likely be required due to longshore sediment transport, and preliminary guidelines for this and other aspects of design are suggested.



中文翻译:

美国华盛顿州北湾春季潮汐周期中动态卵石护堤护坡的行为和性能

在许多地方,沙质海岸线及其相关资产遭受侵蚀和洪水的风险很高,在气候变化和海平面上升的情况下,这种风险会增加。在这种情况下,动态鹅卵石护岸代表着一种潜在的可持续保护技术,可以保护沙滩,减少海浪上升并保护内地免受海浪袭击。但是,这种结构的行为和性能尚不十分清楚。在2019年1月的春季潮汐周期中对位于美国华盛顿州北湾的动态鹅卵石护岸进行了监测。在10天内,使用2D激光扫描仪(激光雷达)测量,GPS地面海拔测量,单个鹅卵石的射频识别和护岸厚度测量。这些数据一起用于评估整个实验过程中护岸的动态行为和功能。在实验过程中,表面高度变化最大为±0.5 m,护岸体积平均减少0.67 m3 /米 发现这些变化是由相对较大的显着波高和较高的水位引起的。护岸显示出动态稳定性以及在不断变化的水动力条件下快速重塑的能力。带工具的鹅卵石沿岸跨岸运输并堆积在护岸的脚趾上,但从未沿脚趾向海运输。护岸还设法在中等波浪条件下恢复了一些损失的体积。发现护岸行为受卵石-砂基质变化的影响。潜在的砂动力学-鹅卵石在鹅卵石内部的堆积,去除或去除–决定了整体体积的变化,对于护岸的整体稳定性很重要。确定了七个可能的运输方式,并建立了内部砂动力学模型。在这里测量的春季潮汐周期中,护岸保护了沙丘立即向内滑落,并防止了腹地泛滥,同时保护了下面的沙土。随着时间的流逝,由于沿岸沉积物的运输,可能需要进行养育,并为此和设计的其他方面提出了初步指南。

更新日期:2021-04-23
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