Abiotic stress is the major threat confronted by modern-day agriculture. Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that influence geographical distribution, survival, and productivity of various crops across the globe. Plants perceive salt stress cues and communicate specific signals, which lead to the initiation of defence response against it. Stress signalling involves the transporters, which are critical for water transport and ion homeostasis. Various cytoplasmic components like calcium and kinases are critical for any type of signalling within the cell which elicits molecular responses. Stress signalling instils regulatory proteins and transcription factors (TFs), which induce stress-responsive genes. In this review, we discuss the role of ion transporters, protein kinases, and TFs in plants to overcome the salt stress. Understanding stress responses by components collectively will enhance our ability in understanding the underlying mechanism, which could be utilized for crop improvement strategies for achieving food security.

中文翻译：

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了解盐胁迫下植物转运蛋白，蛋白激酶和转录因子的整合途径和机制

非生物胁迫是现代农业面临的主要威胁。盐分是影响地球上各种作物的地理分布，生存和生产力的主要非生物胁迫之一。植物会感知盐胁迫的线索并传达特定的信号，从而引发针对其的防御反应。应力信号传导涉及转运蛋白，这些转运蛋白对于水的运输和离子稳态至关重要。各种细胞质成分（如钙和激酶）对于引起分子应答的细胞内任何类型的信号传导都是至关重要的。压力信号转导调控蛋白和转录因子（TFs），后者诱导压力响应基因。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了离子转运蛋白，蛋白激酶和TF在植物中克服盐胁迫的作用。