Pera sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) is the most important mid-season sweet orange cultivar in Brazil, not only because of its desirable fruit quality for both juice processing and the fresh fruit market, but also because there is a lack of adequate mid-season alternative sweet orange cultivars. This study aimed to evaluate the horticultural performance of other sweet oranges in an attempt to identify similar or superior selections to the standard cultivar, Pera IAC sweet orange. Seventeen sweet oranges selections, including the standard Pera IAC, were budded on Sunki mandarin [C. sunki (Hayata) hort. ex Tanaka]. The experiment was planted in 2007, using 12-month-old nursery trees, with 6.5 × 2.5 m spacing in the Southern region of São Paulo state, Brazil. The experimental orchard was maintained with standard commercial management practices, and without supplementary irrigation. Data collection started three years after planting and was carried out until seven years after the experiment had been installed. Vegetative growth, plant yield, fruit drop, fruit quality, and fruit maturation regressions were assessed. Averages of the alternative selections were compared with those of the standard cultivar by Dunnett test. Performance indexes were calculated in order to identify potential superior selections for the fresh fruit market and for juice processing. Results indicated significant differences among the selections evaluated when compared with the standard cultivar, suggesting better alternatives to be exploited. Five selections (Biondo, Finike, Pera Alexandre Maróstica, Seleta Rio, and Vaccaro Blood) offered superior performance in terms of attributes required for the fresh fruit market, while one selection (Pera Alexandre Maróstica) was superior for juice processing traits. These alternatives to Pera IAC represent an opportunity for more efficient and productive scions with higher fruit quality, and with a slight shift within the mid-season harvest time of sweet oranges in Brazil.

中文翻译：

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面向巴西新鲜和加工市场的中季甜橙

佩拉甜橙 (柑橘L. Osbeck) 是巴西最重要的中季甜橙品种，不仅因为其对果汁加工和新鲜水果市场的理想水果品质，还因为缺乏足够的中季甜橙替代品品种。本研究旨在评估其他甜橙的园艺性能，以试图确定与标准品种 Pera IAC 甜橙相似或更好的选择。包括标准 Pera IAC 在内的 17 种甜橙已在 Sunki 柑橘上发芽 [C. sunki(早田) hort。前田中]。该实验于 2007 年在巴西圣保罗州南部地区种植，使用 12 个月大的苗木，株距 6.5 × 2.5 m。实验果园按照标准的商业管理实践进行维护，没有补充灌溉。数据收集在种植三年后开始，一直持续到实验安装后七年。评估了营养生长、植物产量、落果、果实品质和果实成熟退化。通过 Dunnett 检验将替代选择的平均值与标准品种的平均值进行比较。计算性能指标是为了确定新鲜水果市场和果汁加工的潜在优质选择。结果表明，与标准品种相比，评估的选择之间存在显着差异，表明有更好的替代品可供开发。五个选择（Biondo、Finike、Pera Alexandre Maróstica、Seleta Rio 和 Vaccaro Blood）在新鲜水果市场所需的属性方面表现出色，而一个选择（Pera Alexandre Maróstica）在果汁加工特性方面表现出色。Pera IAC 的这些替代品代表了一个机会，可以生产更高效、产量更高、果实质量更高的接穗，并且在巴西甜橙的中期收获时间略有变化。和 Vaccaro Blood）在新鲜水果市场所需的属性方面表现出色，而一种选择（Pera Alexandre Maróstica）在果汁加工性状方面表现出色。Pera IAC 的这些替代品代表了一个机会，可以生产更高效、产量更高、果实质量更高的接穗，并且在巴西甜橙的中期收获时间略有变化。和 Vaccaro Blood）在新鲜水果市场所需的属性方面表现出色，而一种选择（Pera Alexandre Maróstica）在果汁加工性状方面表现出色。Pera IAC 的这些替代品代表了一个机会，可以生产更高效、产量更高、果实质量更高的接穗，并且在巴西甜橙的中期收获时间略有变化。