Scyllarus Fabricius, 1775 includes nine species worldwide, three of which have been recorded from the Mediterranean Sea: S. arctus (Linnaeus, 1758), S. caparti Holthuis, 1952, and S. pygmaeus Bate, 1888. A Scyllarus specimen not ascribable to any of the previous species was trawled in November 2020 in unconsolidated substrates in the Gulf of Naples, Italy. The sample was subsequently identified through an integrative taxonomic approach as Scyllarus subarctus Crosnier, 1970, a species originally described from southern Angola (Eastern Atlantic Ocean) and apparently expanding northward along Western Africa. It is possible that this taxon may have been already present in the Mediterranean but went overlooked or undetected. Results obtained through molecular analyses underlined the necessity of an extensive update of the supraspecific taxonomy of scyllarids.

中文翻译：

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意外发现：Scyllarus subarctus Crosnier，1970 年（十足目：Achelata：Scyllaridae）在地中海

Scyllarus Fabricius, 1775 包括全世界九个物种，其中三个已记录在地中海：S. arctus (Linnaeus, 1758)、S. caparti Holthuis, 1952 和 S. pygmaeus Bate, 1888。Scyllarus 标本不能归因于2020 年 11 月，在意大利那不勒斯湾的松散底质中拖网捕捞了之前的任何物种。随后通过综合分类学方法将样本鉴定为 Scyllarus subarctus Crosnier，1970 年，该物种最初描述于安哥拉南部（东大西洋），并明显沿西非向北扩展。这个分类群可能已经存在于地中海，但被忽视或未被发现。