The ambrosia beetles Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) and Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) bore into flood-stressed trees to establish colonies, but the influence of flooding duration on colonization is unknown. This relationship was examined by flooding trees for various time periods and evaluating colonization. In one experiment, X. germanus bored into 20 dogwood (Cornus florida L.) trees during a 3-d flood treatment. Ten trees dissected that season had no offspring present in tunnels; the remaining trees appeared healthy and bloomed the following spring. In another experiment, dogwood trees were flooded for 3 or 7 d and then dissected to assess colonization. The incidence of superficial (short unbranched) and healed (callus tissue in entrance) tunnels was greater in the 3-d trees, while the incidence of tunnels with X. germanus or offspring was greater in the 7-d trees. Four experiments (three in Ohio and one in Virginia) had flood treatments of 0 (nonflooded), 3, 5, 7, and 10 d. Numbers of tunnel entrances, tunnels with X. germanus, and incidence of tunnels with offspring or live foundresses tended to increase as flood duration increased on apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.), dogwood, and redbud (Cercis canadensis L.) in Ohio and redbud in Virginia. Nonflooded trees in Ohio had no boring activity, but ambrosia beetles bored into three nonflooded trees in Virginia. Indicators of unsuccessful colonization, such as superficial tunnels and healing, decreased as flood duration increased. These results suggest tree crops may recover from boring by ambrosia beetles following short-duration flood events, and not necessarily require culling.

中文翻译：

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天香甲虫（鞘翅目：Curculionidae：Scolytinae）对树木的定殖受洪水胁迫持续时间的影响

仙鹤草甲虫 Xylosandrus Germanus (Blandford) 和 Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) 钻入受洪水胁迫的树木以建立殖民地，但洪水持续时间对定殖的影响尚不清楚。通过在不同时间段内淹没树木并评估殖民化来检查这种关系。在一项实验中，德国 X.germanus 在 3 天洪水处理期间钻入 20 棵山茱萸（Cornus florida L.）树。那个季节解剖的十棵树在隧道中没有后代；剩下的树看起来很健康，并在来年春天开花。在另一项实验中，山茱萸树被淹 3 或 7 天，然后解剖以评估定植情况。在 3-d 树中，浅层（短的无分支）和愈合（入口处的愈伤组织）隧道的发生率较高，而 X. 在 7 d 树中，germanus 或后代更大。四个实验（三个在俄亥俄州，一个在弗吉尼亚州）的洪水处理时间为 0（非洪水）、3、5、7 和 10 天。随着苹果（Malus × domestica Borkh.）、山茱萸和紫荆（Cercis canadensis L.）在俄亥俄州和弗吉尼亚的紫荆花。俄亥俄州未淹水的树木没有无聊的活动，但弗吉尼亚州的三棵未淹水的树上却有天竺葵蛀虫。随着洪水持续时间的增加，不成功的定植指标（例如浅表隧道和愈合）减少。这些结果表明，在短期洪水事件后，树木作物可能会从天香甲虫的无聊中恢复，并且不一定需要扑杀。