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The Effect of Meditation and Physical Activity on the Mental Health Impact of COVID-19–Related Stress and Attention to News Among Mobile App Users in the United States: Cross-sectional Survey
JMIR Mental Health ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-13 , DOI: 10.2196/28479
Jennifer Green , Jennifer Huberty , Megan Puzia , Chad Stecher

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been declared an international public health emergency, and it may have long-lasting effects on people’s mental health. There is a need to identify effective health behaviors to mitigate the negative mental health impact of COVID-19. Objective: The objectives of this study were to (1) examine the regional differences in mental health and COVID-19–related worry, attention to news, and stress, in light of the state-level prevalence of COVID-19 cases; (2) estimate the associations between mental health and COVID-19–related worry, attention to news, and stress and health behavior engagement (ie, physical activity, mindfulness meditation); and (3) explore the mediating effect of health behavior engagement on the associations between mental health and COVID-19–related worry, attention to news, and stress. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed to a sample of US adult paying subscribers to the Calm app (data were collected from April 22 to June 3, 2020). The survey assessed COVID-19–related worry, attention to news, and stress; health behavior engagement; and mental health (ie, perceived stress, posttraumatic stress disorder, and anxiety and depression). Statistical analyses were performed using R software. Differences in COVID-19–related worry, attention to news, and stress and mental health by location were assessed using t tests and chi-square tests. Logistic and ordinary least squares models were used to regress mental health and health behavior on COVID-19–related worry, attention to news, and stress; moreover, causal mediation analysis was used to estimate the significance of the mediation effects. Results: The median age of the respondents (N=8392) was 47 years (SD 13.8). Participants in the Mid-Atlantic region (New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania) reported higher levels of stress, more severe depression symptoms, greater worry about COVID-19, paying more attention to COVID-19–related news, and more stress related to social distancing recommendations than participants living in other regions. The association between worry about COVID-19 and perceived stress was significantly mediated by changes in physical activity (P<.001), strength of meditation habit (P<.001), and stopping meditation (P=.046). The association between worry about COVID-19 and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms was significantly mediated by changes in physical activity (P<.001) and strength of meditation habit (P<.001). Conclusions: Our findings describe the mental health impact of COVID-19 and outline how continued participation in health behaviors such as physical activity and mindfulness meditation reduce worsening of mental health due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These data have important implications for public health agencies and health organizations to promote the maintenance of health habits to reduce the residual mental health burden of the COVID-19 pandemic.

中文翻译:

冥想和体育锻炼对美国移动应用程序用户中COVID-19相关压力和新闻注意的心理健康影响的影响:横断面调查

背景: COVID-19大流行已被宣布为国际公共卫生突发事件,它可能对人们的心理健康产生长期影响。需要确定有效的健康行为,以减轻COVID-19对精神健康的负面影响。客观的:这项研究的目的是(1)根据州一级的COVID-19患病率,研究心理健康和与COVID-19相关的忧虑,新闻关注和压力的区域差异;(2)估计心理健康与COVID-19相关的忧虑,对新闻的关注以及压力与健康行为的参与(即体育活动,正念冥想)之间的关联;(3)探讨健康行为参与对心理健康与COVID-19相关忧虑,新闻关注和压力之间的关联的中介作用。方法:横断面调查已分发给美国成年人使用Calm应用程序的订阅者样本(数据收集于2020年4月22日至6月3日)。该调查评估了与COVID-19相关的忧虑,对新闻的关注和压力。健康行为参与;和心理健康(即感觉到的压力,创伤后压力障碍以及焦虑和抑郁)。使用R软件进行统计分析。使用t检验和卡方检验评估了COVID-19相关的忧虑,新闻关注以及压力和心理健康的差异。使用逻辑和普通最小二乘模型对与COVID-19相关的忧虑,关注新闻和压力的心理健康和健康行为进行回归。此外,使用因果调解分析来评估调解效果的重要性。结果:受访者的中位年龄(N = 8392)为47岁(SD 13.8)。大西洋中部地区(新泽西州,纽约和宾夕法尼亚州)的参与者报告了较高的压力水平,更严重的抑郁症症状,对COVID-19的更大担忧,更多关注与COVID-19相关的新闻以及与压力有关的更多信息与其他地区的参与者相比,他们对社交疏远的建议有所不同。对COVID-19的担心与感知到的压力之间的关联主要通过体育活动的变化(P <.001),冥想习惯的强度(P <.001)和停止冥想(P= .046)。约COVID-19和创伤后应激障碍的症状的担心之间的关联通过身体活动的变化(被显著介导的P冥想习惯(的<.001)和强度P <0.001)。结论:我们的发现描述了COVID-19对心理健康的影响,并概述了持续参与健康行为(如体育活动和正念冥想)如何减少由于COVID-19大流行而导致的心理健康恶化。这些数据对公共卫生机构和卫生组织促进维护健康习惯以减少COVID-19大流行的残留精神卫生负担具有重要意义。
更新日期:2021-04-13
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