A field-enriched finite element method is proposed in this paper to simulate the failure process of rocks. According to the different types of defects, the proposed method can select the appropriate failure criteria for voids and cracks. Field variables are used to characterize the crack location and to realize the influence of cracks on the physical field of the numerical model. The main features and the capability of the field-enriched finite element method to efficiently simulate the failure process of rocks with different defects are illustrated with some numerical examples. The results show that the field-enriched finite element method proposed in this paper can obtain the crack propagation path which is consistent with other numerical methods and experimental observations. Moreover, the numerical method proposed in this paper has the advantages of simple implementation process and higher computational efficiency and accuracy in some cases. Therefore, it is a promising numerical simulation method.

提出了一种场富集的有限元方法来模拟岩石的破坏过程。根据缺陷类型的不同，所提出的方法可以为孔隙和裂纹选择适当的破坏准则。场变量用于表征裂纹位置并实现裂纹对数值模型物理场的影响。通过数值算例说明了富集有限元方法有效模拟不同缺陷岩石破坏过程的主要特点和能力。结果表明，本文提出的富集有限元方法可以获得与其他数值方法和实验观察结果一致的裂纹扩展路径。而且，本文提出的数值方法具有实现过程简单，在某些情况下具有较高的计算效率和准确性的优点。因此，这是一种很有前途的数值模拟方法。