Parent–child interactions are critical for a child’s overall wellbeing and growth, however there are differences in the types of interactions that mothers and fathers engage in. For example, fathers often utilize physical play, such as Rough-and-Tumble Play (RTP), to interact and bond with their child. Father-child RTP appears to contribute to a range of child outcomes, including social, emotional cognitive and behaviour development. Given the now robust evidence for these benefits of father–child play and RTP specifically, there is a need for a more complete understanding of the factors that contribute to the quality of fathers’ RTP. This study examined the association between quality of father–toddler RTP and a range of paternal characteristics, parenting factors, child demographics and child developmental domains. The study included 64 sets of parents (mothers and fathers) and their toddler (age 18–24 months). Parent-reported questionnaires (demographic information, frequency of father–toddler RTP, father parenting stress, and child social-emotional development) were collected, observations of child developmental attainment (Bayley-III) completed and father–toddler RTP play interactions were rated for quality. We found that RTP for fathers who engaged in more father–toddler RTP, whose children were older and more socially-emotionally mature, was rated as higher quality in their RTP. By demonstrating links of RTP quality with both parenting behaviour and child development, this study contributes to a more complete understanding of the nature and context of father–child interactions. Father–child physical play, including RTP, may present an opportunity for professionals to bring fathers into their work with families.

父母与孩子的互动对于孩子的整体健康和成长至关重要，但是父母之间互动的类型有所不同。例如，父亲经常利用身体玩耍，例如粗暴玩耍（RTP） ，与孩子互动并建立联系。父子RTP似乎有助于一系列儿童结局，包括社交，情感认知和行为发展。鉴于目前有力的证据证明了父子游戏和RTP的这些好处，因此需要对影响父亲RTP质量的因素有更全面的了解。这项研究检查了父亲和幼儿RTP的质量与一系列父亲特征，育儿因素，儿童人口统计学和儿童发展领域之间的关联。该研究包括64组父母（母亲和父亲）和他们的孩子（18-24个月）。收集父母报告的问卷（人口统计学信息，父母-小孩RTP的频率，父母育儿压力和儿童的社会情感发展），完成对儿童发育成就的观察（Bayley-III），并评估父母-小孩RTP玩耍的互动性。质量。我们发现，从事更多父亲-小孩RTP的父亲的RTP被认为在他们的RTP中质量更高，这些孩子的年龄更大，在社交上的情感成熟度更高。通过证明RTP质量与育儿行为和儿童发展之间的联系，本研究有助于更全面地了解父子互动的性质和背景。父子的身体游戏，包括RTP，