The Presidential Amnesty Programme in Nigeria is perceived as a mere contrivance designed to foster the exploitation of oil resources in the Niger Delta. This is because evidence indicates that a significant number of the registered ex-militants are yet to be reintegrated into the society, while others have relapsed into militancy or other criminal activities. Although studies have interrogated some components of the amnesty programme, the reintegration phase is still problematic and has not received sufficient scholarly attention. As a result, the resurgence of environmental activism and youth restiveness underlines the need for further interrogation of peacebuilding efforts in the post-conflict Niger Delta. Moreover, the tendency to interpret the resurgence of militancy and cult violence as a reflection of the erstwhile militants’ insatiability is not supported by the prevailing existential conditions and lived experiences of people in the Niger Delta. This study reinforces the claim that the surviving militant groups are not adequately integrated into the circuit of economic prosperity expected from the amnesty programme. Using qualitative-dominant data from 80 participants in Rivers State, among others, this study, a grassroots assessment of the amnesty programme, reveals that the reintegration phase of the programme remains knotty. The findings suggest that the programme has further fuelled restiveness in the region, albeit inadvertently, with its concomitant threat to security in the Gulf of Guinea.

尼日利亚的总统​​大赦计划被认为只是旨在促进尼日尔三角洲石油资源开发的一项发明。这是因为有证据表明，许多已登记的前武装人员尚未重返社会，而其他人已经重返武装或其他犯罪活动。尽管研究已经审问了大赦计划的某些组成部分，但重返社会阶段仍然有问题，学术界也没有给予足够的重视。结果，环境行动主义的复兴和青年的不安情绪凸显了在冲突后尼日尔三角洲进一步审视建设和平努力的必要性。而且，尼日尔三角洲人们普遍存在的生存条件和生活经验并不能支持将好战和邪教暴力活动的复兴解释为昔日激进分子的无奈之举。这项研究进一步证实了幸存的武装团体没有充分融入大赦计​​划所预期的经济繁荣之路的说法。使用来自河流州80位参与者的定性为主数据，这项研究是一项对大赦方案的基层评估，表明该方案的重新整合阶段仍然很困难。调查结果表明，该计划尽管不经意地进一步加剧了该地区的动荡，但同时也对几内亚湾的安全构成了威胁。