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Urbanising norms? Cities as local amplifiers in global norm dynamics on HIV/AIDS policies
Journal of International Relations and Development ( IF 1.333 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-13 , DOI: 10.1057/s41268-021-00215-1
Anja P. Jakobi , Bastian Loges

Despite the growing activities of cities in world politics, and the importance of local actors in norm research, little has been done to assess the contribution of cities to global norm dynamics. Drawing on the normatively contested field of global HIV/AIDS policies, we show how cities differ from other local actors usually discussed in norm research. Instead of adapting, contesting or even rejecting global norms, cities amplify them. Amplification is a local reaction to global norm dynamics that resembles a combination of norm implementation and norm entrepreneurship. To show this urban engagement with norms in detail, we first link the existing strands of city research and norm research in IR. Second, we present the global norm dynamics related to HIV/AIDS policies as a normative context for city activities. Third, we scrutinise cities’ contribution to norm dynamics by analysing their networking and dissemination activities within and beyond city borders. As a result, we find that cities support global norm dynamics and amplify global norms even against a very different local and national background. These results have important implications for current norm research that has so far neither examined cities in detail, nor conceptualised local actors as amplifiers of global norms.



中文翻译:

城市化规范?在全球艾滋病毒/艾滋病政策动态中,城市作为地方推动者

尽管城市在世界政治中的活动在增加,并且地方参与者在规范研究中的重要性,但对于评估城市对全球规范动态的贡献却很少。借助全球艾滋病毒/艾滋病政策在规范上存在争议的领域,我们展示了城市与规范研究中通常讨论的其他地方行为者之间的差异。城市没有去适应,挑战甚至拒绝全球规范,而是放大了它们。放大是对全球规范动态的局部反应,类似于规范实施和规范企业家精神的结合。为了详细显示城市对规范的参与,我们首先将现有的IR研究中的城市研究与规范研究联系起来。第二,我们介绍了与艾滋病毒/艾滋病政策有关的全球规范动态,以此作为城市活动的规范背景。第三,我们通过分析城市边界内外的网络和传播活动来审查城市对规范动态的贡献。结果,我们发现,即使在非常不同的地方和国家背景下,城市也支持全球规范动态并放大全球规范。这些结果对当前的规范研究具有重要意义,到目前为止,该研究尚未详细研究城市,也未将本地参与者概念化为全球规范的发源地。

更新日期:2021-04-13
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