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Long Term Sediment Modification Effects after Applications of P Inactivation Method in Meromictic Lake (Starodworskie Lake, Olsztyn Lakeland, Poland)
Land ( IF 3.905 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-13 , DOI: 10.3390/land10040411
Renata Augustyniak , Renata Tandyrak , Michał Łopata , Jolanta Grochowska

Lake restoration is a part of geoengineering, which is a useful tool for landscape management. The phosphorus inactivation method is one of the most popular lake restoration methods. Using chemical compounds for P binding is leading to the creation of sediment “active layer”, which should show higher P adsorption abilities, compared to non-modified sediment. Howewer, it provides rather little information, how long the modified sediment remains active, and whether it is effective in continuous P binding. Lake meromixis is not commonly observed phenomenon, and sediment located in monimolimnion area is subjected long term anoxia. Therefore, observation of “active layer” in a meromictic lake can give very important data about durability of restoration effects. The object of our study was meromictic Starodworskie Lake (5.57 ha, max. depth 24.5 m), located in Olsztyn Lakeland, Poland. In the past the analyzed lake was subjected to various restoration methods, and phosphorus inactivation method by alum use (1994–1995) was the last used treatment type. The mixing regime of this lake had changed from bradimictic (before and during restoration time) into durable meromictic (post-restoration period). The research made two decades after implementing of P inactivation showed the presence of “active” sediment layer 10–15 cm below sediment surface. This sediment layer showed much higher content of P bound to aluminum, compared to surficial sediment layer. P binding molar ratio was assessed and amounted to 16.1 straightly after restoration and 6.1 after 21 years. This fraction amounts were higher that the values noted before restoration (ca. 358% higher than in 1994 and during restoration (ca. 86% higher than in 1995), which was probably the effect of continuous phosphorus adsorption by “active layer” in post-restoration period.

中文翻译:

在灭活湖(波兰的奥尔什丁湖地,Starodworskie湖)中应用P灭活方法后,长期的沉积物改性作用

湖泊修复是地球工程的一部分,这是景观管理的有用工具。磷灭活方法是最受欢迎的湖泊恢复方法之一。使用化合物进行P结合会导致沉积物“活性层”的形成,与未改性的沉积物相比,该“活性层”应具有更高的P吸附能力。但是,它提供的信息很少,改性沉积物保持活性的时间长短以及对连续的P结合是否有效。湖中的混合藻不是普遍观察到的现象,位于单imolimnion地区的沉积物长期处于缺氧状态。因此,在冰山湖泊中观察“活性层”可以提供有关恢复效果持久性的非常重要的数据。我们的研究对象是大地盘的Starodworskie湖(5.57公顷,最大深度24.5 m),位于波兰的奥尔什丁莱克兰。过去,对被分析的湖泊进行过各种修复方法,而使用明矾(1994-1995年)灭磷的方法是最后使用的处理类型。该湖的混合方式已经从放射状(恢复之前和恢复期间)转变为持久性破坏性(恢复后阶段)。实施磷灭活二十年后进行的研究表明,在沉积物表面以下10-15厘米处存在“活性”沉积物层。与表面沉积物层相比,该沉积物层显示出与铝结合的P含量高得多。评估P结合摩尔比,恢复后直接为16。1,21年后为6.1。该分数高于恢复前记录的值(比1994年和恢复过程中的值高出约358%)。
更新日期:2021-04-13
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