ABSTRACT

This study examines the implications of the ‘equalisation policy’ and the expansion of secondary education in South Korea in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The equalisation policy is one of the most radical school reform attempts in South Korea. A random assignment or lottery system for students was introduced for all middle schools in 1968 and all high schools in 1974, abolishing selective and competitive school-based entrance systems. This system was in operation without interruption until the early 1990s when new categories of schools were introduced as a part of South Korea’s participation in the global neoliberal school reform movement. The ‘second wave of equalisation’ since around 2010 and subsequent measures to ‘re-equalise’ schools draw attention to the origin of the equalisation policy and its significance in understanding the development of secondary education in South Korea.

摘要

本研究探讨了 20 世纪 60 年代末和 1970 年代初韩国“平等政策”和中学教育扩张的影响。平等政策是韩国最激进的学校改革尝试之一。1968年，所有初中和1974年所有高中都引入了学生随机分配或抽签制度，废除了选择性和竞争性的校本入学制度。这一制度一直不间断地运行，直到 20 世纪 90 年代初，作为韩国参与全球新自由主义学校改革运动的一部分，引入了新的学校类别。