Neotropical Entomology ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-12 , DOI: 10.1007/s13744-021-00866-2 Dora Yovana Barrios-Leal 1 , Rogério P Mateus 2 , Cintia Graziela Santos 3 , Maura Helena Manfrin 1, 4
The insect/plant interaction is known to be a trigger for diversification and even speciation. Experimental analyses on fitness traits and phenotypic variation using alternative host sites have been performed to understand the process of diversification relative to insect/plant interactions. For cactophilic species of Drosophila, the speciation process is considered an adaptive radiation in response to the exploration of species of the Cactaceae as breeding and feeding sites. In this work, we analyzed life history and morphological traits in individuals from two phyletic lineages (Evolutionarily Significant Units ESU) of the cactophilic species Drosophila meridionalis (Wasserman 1962) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) raised from media prepare. The characters analyzed corresponded to viability, developmental time, and four morphological measurements. The experiments were performed in a semi-natural medium prepared with fermenting tissues of the natural hosts, Cereus hildmaniannus and Opuntia monacantha. Viability, development time, and three morphological measurements were influenced by lineage, suggesting differentiation between the lineages. However, in O. monacantha, the mean viability was greater (~15%) and development time was longer (~336 h) than in C. hildmaniannus (~11% and ~301 h, respectively). Only the developmental time was significantly affected by the host cactus. In general, ESU group A had better values than ESU group BC for the evaluated traits. This finding suggested differentiation between the two lineages and different plastic responsiveness to the contrasting environments of the hosts, and that C. hildmaniannus may be a relatively stressful environment for the larvae, as for other Drosophila species.
中文翻译:
Cactophilic Drosophila meridionalis 系统谱系的可塑性变异以及与宿主的关系是多样化的潜力
已知昆虫/植物相互作用是多样化甚至物种形成的触发因素。使用替代宿主位点对适应性特征和表型变异进行了实验分析,以了解相对于昆虫/植物相互作用的多样化过程。对于嗜食果蝇的物种,物种形成过程被认为是响应将仙人掌科物种作为繁殖和饲养场所的探索的适应性辐射。在这项工作中,我们分析了来自嗜食果蝇的两个系统谱系(进化显着单位 ESU)个体的生活史和形态特征(Wasserman 1962)(双翅目:果蝇科)从培养基中培养准备。分析的特征对应于生存能力、发育时间和四个形态测量值。实验在用天然宿主Cereus hildmaniannus和Opuntia monacantha 的发酵组织制备的半天然培养基中进行。活力、发育时间和三种形态测量受谱系的影响,表明谱系之间存在差异。然而,在O. monacantha 中,与C. hildmaniannus相比,平均生存力更高(~15%)并且发育时间更长(~336 h)(分别为~11% 和~301 小时)。只有发育时间受到寄主仙人掌的显着影响。一般来说,ESU 组 A 的评估性状比 ESU 组 BC 具有更好的值。这一发现表明这两个谱系之间存在差异,并且对宿主的对比环境有不同的塑性反应,并且C. hildmaniannus可能是幼虫相对压力较大的环境,就像其他果蝇物种一样。