Abstract—

Drosophila melanogaster fruit flies are an important model for studying the multifaceted interactions between a multicellular organism and its microbiome. The nature of these interactions is largely determined by the regular changes in abundance and composition of the microbiome that occur during the host’s life. The currently available data on age- and life cycle stage-related changes in the Drosophila microbiome relate mainly to its bacterial component, while little is known about such changes in the equally important yeast component. The present work describes the quantitative and qualitative composition of the yeast component of the D. melanogaster microbiome in three laboratory lines, reared under different conditions, at four developmental stages: late larvae and adults aged 1, 7, and 14 days after eclosion. In all three lines, the total yeast abundance changed similarly with the age of insects, with the highest and lowest yeast counts in 7- and 1-day adults, respectively. In the fly lines reared on moderately unfavorable substrates supplemented with 2 and 4% NaCl, the abundance and species diversity of yeasts at all four developmental stages was higher than in the flies reared on a standard (favorable) food substrate. Our results indicate the inconstancy of the yeast component of the D. melanogaster microbiome and its regular changes with the insect’s age, which must be taken into account when studying the relationships between symbiotic yeasts and their hosts.

中文翻译：

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果蝇果蝇微生物组酵母成分的年龄相关变化。

摘要—

果蝇果蝇是研究多细胞生物与其微生物组之间多方面相互作用的重要模型。这些相互作用的性质在很大程度上取决于宿主生活中微生物组的丰度和组成的规律性变化。果蝇微生物组中与年龄和生命周期阶段相关的变化的当前可用数据主要与其细菌成分有关，而对同等重要的酵母成分的这种变化知之甚少。本工作描述了D. melanogaster酵母成分的定量和定性组成在三个实验室系中的微生物组，在不同的条件下饲养，处于四个发育阶段：晚期幼虫和成虫后1、7和14天的成年。在所有三个品系中，总酵母丰度随昆虫年龄的变化而变化，分别在7天和1天成虫中酵母菌计数最高和最低。在添加了2％和4％NaCl的中等不利基质上培育的蝇系中，在四个发育阶段的酵母的丰度和物种多样性都高于在标准（有利）食物基质上培育的蝇。我们的结果表明，D。melanogaster酵母成分的不稳定性 微生物组及其随昆虫年龄的规律变化，在研究共生酵母与其宿主之间的关系时必须考虑到这一点。