ABSTRACT

Introduction: Self-care includes taking care of our psychosocial health. Many experts agree that self-care should be included in training for Family Medicine (FM) residents, though it is unclear to what extent and by what means. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate competencies of FM residents in self-care and changes in knowledge, skills and attitudes after an educational compact intervention.

Methods: The authors performed a pre-post comparison on residents who were registered in the FM residency program KWBW VerbundweiterbildungPLUS© (n = 401). FM residents were offered participation in a self-care training (270 minutes featuring a broad spectrum of input and practical experience). The intervention group (IG) completed a questionnaire directly before the seminar (T1) and 10 weeks afterwards (T2). Non-attendees (=control group; CG) were asked to fill out a basic questionnaire once. Basic questionnaires for IG and CG covered previous experiences and skills while the follow-up questionnaire at T2 also focused on change of competencies and attitudes. All questionnaires contained free-text questions to capture qualitative impressions.

Results: 287 FM residents (IG: n = 212; CG: n = 75) participated in the study. Generally, 86.4% of FM residents had worried that their profession might endanger their personal health (T1: n = 180, CG: n = 68). At T2, 59.5% of IG (n = 66/111) declared that they would not worry about their personal health anymore (T1:T2, p < .01). IG learned to facilitate time for recreation (T1:T2, p = .04) and to use relaxation techniques (T1:T2, p = .01). Gain in competence was described in awareness of stress, self-reward, activation of personal resources, and time management. A total of 85.6% of IG reflected their attitudes towards psychosocial health of physicians in general (n = 95/111) and 22.5% of IG changed the views on their own health (n = 25/111) in terms of improved risk-awareness, increased intention for self-care and change of behavior.

Conclusion: A compact intervention in self-care strengthens competencies, increases awareness, and helps FM residents identify their psychosocial health risks. Further research is necessary to specify the effectiveness of similar compact interventions in self-care and their long-term results.

摘要

简介: 自我保健包括照顾我们的社会心理健康。许多专家同意应将自我保健纳入家庭医学 (FM) 住院医师的培训，但尚不清楚在何种程度上以及通过何种方式进行。目标：本研究的目的是评估 FM 居民在自我保健方面的能力以及在教育契约干预后知识、技能和态度的变化。

方法：作者对在 FM 居住计划 KWBW VerbundweiterbildungPLUS©（n = 401）中注册的居民进行了前后比较。FM 居民参加了自我保健培训（270 分钟，具有广泛的投入和实践经验）。干预组 (IG) 直接在研讨会之前 (T1) 和之后 10 周 (T2) 完成问卷。未参加者（=对照组；CG）被要求填写一次基本问卷。IG 和 CG 的基本问卷涵盖了以前的经验和技能，而 T2 的后续问卷也侧重于能力和态度的变化。所有问卷都包含自由文本问题以获取定性印象。

结果：287 名 FM 居民（IG：n = 212；CG：n = 75）参与了这项研究。一般来说，86.4% 的 FM 居民担心他们的职业可能危及他们的个人健康（T1：n = 180，CG：n = 68）。在 T2，59.5% 的 IG (n = 66/111) 表示他们不再担心自己的个人健康 (T1:T2, p < .01)。IG 学会了促进娱乐时间（T1：T2，p = .04）和使用放松技巧（T1：T2，p = .01）。能力的提高被描述为压力意识、自我奖励、个人资源的激活和时间管理。共有 85.6% 的 IG 反映了他们对医生心理社会健康的总体态度（n = 95/111），22.5% 的 IG 在提高风险意识方面改变了对自身健康的看法（n = 25/111） ，增加自我照顾和改变行为的意愿。

结论：自我保健的紧凑干预可以增强能力，提高意识，并帮助 FM 居民识别他们的心理社会健康风险。需要进一步研究以明确类似的紧凑干预措施在自我保健方面的有效性及其长期结果。