The dual-purpose bovine production system (DP) is the most widespread small-scale model in Latin American tropics, where it constitutes a key tool in terms of food security. Most DPs are subsistence farms oriented to self-consumption, with a very low technology adoption rate. Hence, the main challenge is how to improve the technological level without compromising the system sustainability by applying land-sharing practices. Thus, through networks methodology, this paper analysed how farmers adopt reproductive technologies. The sample consisted of 383 very small farms of dual-purpose cattle. Seven reproduction technologies oriented to improve reproductive efficiency were evaluated: Breeding soundness evaluation in bulls, semen fertility evaluation, evaluation of female body condition, oestrus detection, pregnancy diagnosis, seasonal or continuous mating, and breeding policy. Social Network Analysis (SNA) allowed identifying adoption patterns, as the joint adoption of semen fertility evaluation, estrus detection, and pregnancy diagnosis, which were consider complementary technologies. Similarly, breeding soundness evaluation in bulls was found to be the most widely adopted technology. The results showed that these farmers presented a very low level of reproduction technology adoption rate and suggested that farmer’s affiliation with organizations such as the Livestock Groups for Technological Validation and Transfer (GGAVATT), and its network position had a significant impact on the level of technological adoption. In the first stage of adoption, this work highlighted the importance of centralized models from the GGAVATT to the farmers, related to the knowledge and absorption dynamic capabilities. In a later stage, decentralized models through technological leaders are a priority, related to integration and innovation dynamic capabilities.

中文翻译：

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网络位置在墨西哥双重目的牛小农农业创新传播中的重要性

牛两用生产系统（DP）是拉丁美洲热带地区最普遍的小规模生产模式，在粮食安全方面，它是关键工具。大多数DP都是自给自足的自给农场，技术采用率非常低。因此，主要的挑战是如何通过应用土地共享实践来提高技术水平而又不损害系统的可持续性。因此，通过网络方法，本文分析了农民如何采用生殖技术。样本包括383个非常小的两用牛场。评价了七种旨在提高生殖效率的生殖技术：公牛的繁殖安全性评估，精液生育力评估，女性身体状况评估，发情检测，妊娠诊断，季节性或连续交配以及繁殖政策。社会网络分析（SNA）允许确定收养方式，因为精液育性评估，发情检测和妊娠诊断是联合采用，它们被认为是辅助技术。同样，公牛的繁殖稳健性评估是最广泛采用的技术。结果表明，这些农民的生殖技术采用率非常低，表明农民与诸如技术验证和转让牲畜小组（GGAVATT）之类的组织有联系，其网络地位对技术水平有重大影响。采用。在采用的第一阶段，这项工作突显了从GGAVATT到农民的集中模式的重要性，有关知识和吸收动力的能力。在稍后阶段，通过技术领导者去中心化的模型是与集成和创新动态能力有关的优先事项。