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The fire risk of portable batteries in their end-of-life: Investigation of the state of charge of waste lithium-ion batteries in Austria
Waste Management & Research ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-12 , DOI: 10.1177/0734242x211010640
Thomas Nigl 1 , Tanja Bäck 1 , Stefan Stuhlpfarrer 1 , Roland Pomberger 1
Affiliation  

The increased utilisation of lithium-ion batteries in the last years does not come without cost. Due to thermal runaway and exothermic degradation reactions, portable batteries pose enormous risks to waste management systems and infrastructure in their end-of-life phase. All over Europe, the number of waste fires caused by lithium-ion batteries are rising. The risk of a battery fire is mainly influenced by the probability and severity of a thermal runaway or exothermic degradation, which depends on the current state of charge (SOC) of the respective battery. In order to determine the distribution of the SOC which is one of the main influence factors to waste fires caused by lithium-ion batteries, 980 waste battery cells were representatively sampled, manually dismantled and analysed using a prototypic laboratory test stand. Approximately 24% of the analysed cells and batteries had a residual SOC of at least 25%, and approximately 12% had a residual SOC of at least 50%. Hence, approximately every fourth to eighth portable battery threatens to cause a waste fire when critically damaged. Furthermore, a distinct relationship between the actual cell voltage and the residual SOC was found for end-of-life portable batteries.



中文翻译:

便携式电池报废的火灾风险:奥地利废弃锂离子电池充电状态调查

过去几年锂离子电池利用率的提高并非没有成本。由于热失控和放热降解反应,便携式电池在其报废阶段对废物管理系统和基础设施构成巨大风险。在整个欧洲,由锂离子电池引起的废物火灾数量正在上升。电池起火的风险主要受热失控或放热退化的概率和严重程度的影响,这取决于相应电池的当前充电状态 (SOC)。为了确定作为锂离子电池引起废火的主要影响因素之一的SOC的分布,使用原型实验室测试台对980个废电池进行代表性采样、人工拆解和分析。大约 24% 的分析电池和电池组的剩余 SOC 至少为 25%,大约 12% 的剩余 SOC 至少为 50%。因此,大约每四到八分之一的便携式电池在严重损坏时就有造成废火的危险。此外,对于报废的便携式电池,发现实际电池电压与剩余 SOC 之间存在明显关系。

更新日期:2021-04-12
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