Abstract. Oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios in polar precipitation are widely used as proxies for local temperature. Used in combination, oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios also provide information on sea surface temperature at the oceanic moisture source locations where polar precipitation originates. Temperature reconstructions obtained from ice core records generally rely on linear approximations of the relationships among local temperature, source temperature and water-isotope values. However, there are important nonlinearities that significantly affect such reconstructions, particularly for source-region temperatures. Here, we describe a temperature reconstruction method that accounts for these nonlinearities. We provide new reconstructions of absolute surface temperature, condensation temperature, and source-region evaporation temperature for all long Antarctic ice-core records for which the necessary data are available. We also provide thorough uncertainty estimates on all temperature histories. Our reconstructions constrain the pattern and magnitude of polar amplification in the past and reveal asymmetries in the temperature histories of East and West Antarctica.

中文翻译：

---

从冰芯水同位素记录中改善温度重建

摘要。极性降水中的氧和氢同位素比被广泛用作局部温度的代理。氧同位素和氢同位素的比例结合使用还可以提供有关产生极性降水的海洋水分源位置的海表温度信息。从冰芯记录获得的温度重建通常依赖于局部温度，水源温度和水同位素值之间关系的线性近似。但是，存在重要的非线性会严重影响这种重建，尤其是对于源区温度而言。在这里，我们描述了一种解决这些非线性问题的温度重建方法。我们提供了绝对表面温度，冷凝温度，所有南极冰芯长记录的源区蒸发温度以及可获得必要数据的源区蒸发温度。我们还提供了所有温度历史的详尽不确定性估计。我们的重建限制了过去极性放大的模式和幅度，并揭示了南极东西方温度历史中的不对称性。