Although nanomaterials are widely involved in technological applications, common synthetic recipes for such colloids are restricted to special, optimized conditions, particularly for anisotropic shapes. Ligand exchange is frequently necessary for further functionalization. While such protocols are well established for spherical particles, it is more demanding to keep the corpus for thermodynamically less stable shapes. We highlight the temperature as one key for the formation of anisotropic gold nanoparticles, but also for ligand exchange protocols under shape retention or deliberate reshaping at the example of gold nanocubes. In the first part, the synthesis of CTAB capped gold nanocubes in aqueous solution is examined highlighting the narrow temperature window in which selective adsorption site blocking by bromide ions leads to the formation of gold nanocubes. While too low temperatures yield multiple particle shapes due to a low surface mobility, temperatures above the appropriate window result in more thermodynamically favored shapes. Furthermore, two protocols are presented for the exchange of the ammonium ligand CTAB by oleylamine as an organic amine including water removal from a slurrish water-amine paste through the gas phase. In turn, precise temperature control allows to either maintain the cubic shape or induce a reshaping process towards other, thermodynamically preferred shapes such as for example truncated octahedra.

中文翻译：

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将方钉装入圆孔中：立方金纳米颗粒相转移中的形状控制

尽管纳米材料广泛参与技术应用，但此类胶体的常见合成配方仅限于特殊的优化条件，特别是对于各向异性形状。配体交换通常是进一步功能化所必需的。虽然这些协议对于球形颗粒已经很好地建立了，但保持语料库的热力学形状稳定性更高。我们强调温度是形成各向异性金纳米粒子的一个关键，也是在形状保持或故意重塑金纳米立方体示例下的配体交换协议的关键。在第一部分，研究了 CTAB 封端的金纳米立方体在水溶液中的合成，突出了狭窄的温度窗口，其中溴离子选择性吸附位点阻塞导致金纳米立方体的形成。虽然由于表面迁移率低，温度太低会产生多种颗粒形状，但高于适当窗口的温度会导致更符合热力学的形状。此外, 提出了两种协议, 用于通过油胺作为有机胺交换铵配体 CTAB, 包括通过气相从浆状水胺糊中去除水分。反过来，精确的温度控制允许保持立方体形状或诱导朝向其他热力学优选形状（例如截断八面体）的重塑过程。虽然由于表面迁移率低，温度太低会产生多种颗粒形状，但高于适当窗口的温度会导致更符合热力学的形状。此外, 提出了两种协议, 用于通过油胺作为有机胺交换铵配体 CTAB, 包括通过气相从浆状水胺糊中去除水分。反过来，精确的温度控制允许保持立方体形状或诱导朝向其他热力学优选形状（例如截断八面体）的重塑过程。虽然由于表面迁移率低，温度太低会产生多种颗粒形状，但高于适当窗口的温度会导致更符合热力学的形状。此外, 提出了两种协议, 用于通过油胺作为有机胺交换铵配体 CTAB, 包括通过气相从浆状水胺糊中去除水分。反过来，精确的温度控制允许保持立方体形状或诱导朝向其他热力学优选形状（例如截断八面体）的重塑过程。提出了两种方案，用于通过油胺作为有机胺交换铵配体 CTAB，包括通过气相从浆状水胺糊中去除水分。反过来，精确的温度控制允许保持立方体形状或诱导朝向其他热力学优选形状（例如截断八面体）的重塑过程。提出了两种方案，用于通过油胺作为有机胺交换铵配体 CTAB，包括通过气相从浆状水胺糊中去除水分。反过来，精确的温度控制允许保持立方体形状或诱导朝向其他热力学优选形状（例如截断八面体）的重塑过程。