Purpose

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the compliance of hygienic and technical standards of street food vendors in Slovenia with the requirements of the general hygienic food principals set in the Codex Alimentarius and Regulation (EC) No. 852/2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs.

Design/methodology/approach

Food vendors were observed directly and discretely using a semi-structured observation sheet that allowed fast evaluation. The employee's behaviour was not affected during the observations because they were not aware of being observed. Each observation lasted approximately 30 min. Food vendors were divided into groups according to their location, type of facility, number of employees and type of food sold.

Findings

Depending on the type of street vendor, more inconsistencies were found amongst food stands compared to food trucks and kiosks. Most food trucks and kiosks scored very high in both personal and hygienic-technical standards. Some of the major inconsistencies were lack of suitably located washbasins, improper hand-washing technique, improper waste management, working surfaces that were inadequately separated from consumers, and inconsistent maintenance of the cold chain. Food handlers have been confirmed as a critical risk factor.

Research limitations/implications

Despite methodology validation, the data was collected by a single observer, limiting the ability to obtain a more reliable estimate of the observations. The sample was disproportionate according to the type of street food facilities.

Practical implications

The results provide a basis for (1) national professional guidelines of good hygiene practices for food business operators, which should cover street food vendors more extensively in future updates, and (2) the development of food safety training programmes tailored for street vendors.

Originality/value

The study provides valuable insights into current hygienic-technical conditions of the street food vending sector.

中文翻译：

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斯洛文尼亚街头食品供应商中的技术和卫生要求的实现

目的

这项横断面研究旨在评估斯洛文尼亚街头食品摊贩的卫生和技术标准是否符合食品法典（EC）第852/2004号有关食品卫生的一般卫生食品负责人的要求。

设计/方法/方法

使用半结构观察表可以直接和离散地观察食品供应商，从而可以进行快速评估。在观察过程中，员工的行为没有受到影响，因为他们不知道自己被观察到了。每次观察持续约30分钟。食品供应商根据其位置，设施类型，员工人数和出售的食品类型分为几类。

发现

与摊贩和售货亭相比，根据摊贩的类型，在食品摊位中发现更多的不一致之处。大多数食品卡车和自助服务亭在个人和卫生技术标准上得分都很高。一些主要的不一致性包括缺乏适当放置的洗脸盆，不正确的洗手技术，不当的废物管理，与消费者没有足够距离的工作表面以及对冷链的维护不一致。食品加工人员已被确认为关键危险因素。

研究局限/意义

尽管方法论得到了验证，但是数据是由单个观察者收集的，从而限制了获得更可靠的观察估计的能力。根据街头食品设施的类型，样本不成比例。

实际影响

结果为（1）食品经营者的良好卫生习惯的国家专业准则提供了基础，该准则应在以后的更新中更广泛地涵盖街头食品摊贩，以及（2）制定针对街头摊贩的食品安全培训计划。

创意/价值

该研究提供了对街头食品自动贩卖行业当前卫生技术条件的宝贵见解。