Adaptive convergence in floral phenotype among plants sharing a pollinator guild has been acknowledged in the concept of pollination syndrome. However, many plants display traits associated with a given syndrome, but are visited by multiple pollinators. This situation may indicate the beginning of a pollinator shift or may result in a stable situation with adaptations to different pollinators. In Salvia stachydifolia, a previous study suggested that flower shape is optimized to maximize the contribution to pollination of bees and hummingbirds. Here, we studied three additional aspects of its floral biology: sexual phases, nectar dynamics and breeding system, and examined their connection with pollinators’ behaviour to explore the presence of adaptations to bee and/or hummingbird pollination.

中文翻译：

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蜜蜂和鸟类拜访的丹参（Salvia stachydifolia）的花生物学：将性相，花蜜动力学和繁殖系统与访客的行为联系起来

授粉综合症的概念已认识到共有传粉媒介行会的植物之间的花卉表型适应性收敛。然而，许多植物表现出与给定综合症相关的性状，但被多个传粉者访问。这种情况可能表明传粉媒介开始转移，或者可能因适应不同的传粉媒介而导致稳定的情况。在Salvia stachydifolia中，先前的一项研究表明，可以优化花形以最大程度地提高对蜜蜂和蜂鸟授粉的贡献。在这里，我们研究了其花生物学的另外三个方面：性相，花蜜动力学和繁殖系统，并研究了它们与授粉媒介行为之间的联系，以探索对蜜蜂和/或蜂鸟授粉的适应性存在。