Yeasts are considered a useful system for the development of vaccines for human and veterinary health. Species such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris have been used successfully as host organisms for the production of subunit vaccines. These organisms have been also explored as vaccine vehicles enabling the delivery of antigens such as proteins and nucleic acids. The employed species possess a GRAS status (Generally Recognized as Safe) for the production of therapeutic proteins, besides promoting immunostimulation due to the properties of their wall cell composition. This strategy allows the administration of nucleic acids orally and a specific delivery to professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In this review, we seek to outline the development of whole yeast vaccines (WYV) carrying nucleic acids in different approaches in the medical field, as well as the immunological aspects of this vaccine strategy. The data presented here reveal the application of this platform in promoting effective immune responses in the context of prophylactic and therapeutic approaches.

中文翻译：

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酵母作为 DNA 和 RNA 疫苗的有前途的交付平台

酵母被认为是开发人类和兽医健康疫苗的有用系统。酿酒酵母和毕赤酵母等物种已成功用作生产亚单位疫苗的宿主生物。这些生物体也被探索为疫苗载体，能够传递蛋白质和核酸等抗原。所使用的物种具有 GRAS 状态（通常被认为是安全的），用于生产治疗性蛋白质，此外由于其壁细胞组成的特性而促进免疫刺激。该策略允许口服核酸给药和特异性递送至专业抗原呈递细胞 (APC)。在本次审查中，我们寻求概述在医学领域以不同方法携带核酸的全酵母疫苗 (WYV) 的开发，以及该疫苗策略的免疫学方面。这里提供的数据揭示了该平台在预防和治疗方法背景下促进有效免疫反应的应用。