Collateral circulation is a vascular network which maintains the blood flow after the partial blockage of primary vascular pathways. This acts as potential vascular supplementary system and plays important role in the cerebral ischemia. Collateral circulation has implications in the management especially related to cerebral endovascular treatment and thrombolytic therapy. It is considered as subsidiary network of vascular channels, which is highly variable. Insufficient arterial supply is due to the hemodynamic compromise because of thromboembolism. Apart from the collaterals, there is additional existence of a group of vessels known as venous collaterals. Their function is variable and they contribute to the augmentation of venous drainage in venous ischemias. Various pharmacological interventions are used to modulate the collaterals, these can prove to be a complementary alternative to the invasive intracerebral interventions. The aim of this review article is to highlight the importance of cerebral collateral circulation and to discuss the various available pharmacological alternatives available and their current relevance in the management of various neurovascular pathologies.

中文翻译：

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颅内侧支循环及其在神经血管病理学中的作用

侧支循环是一个血管网络，在主要血管通路的部分阻塞后，维持血液流动。这可作为潜在的血管补充系统，在脑缺血中起重要作用。侧支循环对治疗有影响，特别是与脑血管内治疗和溶栓治疗有关。它被认为是高度可变的血管通道的辅助网络。动脉供血不足是由于血栓栓塞引起的血流动力学损害。除抵押品外，还存在一组称为静脉抵押品的船只。它们的功能是可变的，并且它们有助于静脉缺血中的静脉引流的增加。各种药理干预措施可用来调节抵押品，这些可以证明是有创性脑内干预的补充选择。本文的目的是强调脑侧支循环的重要性，并讨论各种可用的药理学选择及其在各种神经血管病理学治疗中的当前相关性。