Concepts of the interaction between autogenic (e.g., flow process) and allogenic (e.g., tectonics) controls on sedimentation have advanced to a state that allows the controlling forces to be distinguished. Here we examine outcropping and subsurface Neogene deep-marine clastic systems that traversed the Hikurangi subduction margin via thrust-bounded trench-slope basins, providing an opportunity to examine the interplay of structural deformation and deep-marine sedimentation. Sedimentary logging and mapping of Miocene outcrops from the exhumed portion of the subduction wedge record heavily amalgamated, sand-rich lobe complexes, up to 200 m thick, which accumulated behind NE–SW-oriented growth structures. There was no significant deposition from low-density parts of the gravity flows in the basin center, although lateral fringes demonstrate fining and thinning indicative of deposits from low-density flows. Seismic data from the offshore portion of the margin show analogous lobate reflector geometries. These deposits accumulate into complexes up to 5 km wide, 8 km long, and 300 m thick, comparable in scale with the outcropping lobes on this margin. Mapping reveals lobe complexes that are vertically stacked behind thrusts. These results illustrate repeated trapping of the sandier parts of turbidity currents to form aggradational lobe complexes, with the finer-grained suspended load bypassing to areas downstream. However, the repeated development of lobes characterized by partial bypass implies that a feedback mechanism operates to perpetuate a partial confinement condition, via rejuvenation of accommodation. The mechanism proposed is a coupling of sediment loading and deformation rate, such that load-driven subsidence focuses stress on basin-bounding faults and perpetuates generation of accommodation in the basin, hence modulating tectonic forcing. Recognition of such a mechanism has implications for understanding the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of deep-marine fold and thrust belts and the distribution of resources within them.

中文翻译：

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变形沉积沉淀和异常厚厚的混浊浊积叶的发育：来自新西兰Hikurangi边缘的露头和地下实例

关于沉积的自生（例如流动过程）和同源（例如构造）控制之间的相互作用的概念已经发展到可以区分控制力的状态。在这里，我们研究了通过冲断边界的沟槽-斜坡盆地穿过Hikurangi俯冲带的露头和近地表新近纪深海碎屑系统，为研究结构变形和深海沉积的相互作用提供了机会。俯冲楔块出土部分的中新世露头的沉积测井和测绘记录了高度合并的，富沙的叶状复合体，厚达200 m，聚集在NE-SW导向的生长结构后面。在盆地中心的低密度重力流中没有明显的沉积，尽管侧边条纹显示出细化和变薄的迹象，表明低密度流动产生了沉积物。来自边缘近海部分的地震数据显示出类似的叶状反射器几何形状。这些沉积物堆积成宽达5公里，长8公里，厚300 m的复合体，其规模与该边缘的露头相似。映射揭示了在推力之后垂直堆叠的波瓣复合体。这些结果说明，浊流的较沙质部分被反复捕集，形成凝集的叶状复合体，细颗粒的悬浮负荷绕过了下游区域。然而，以部分旁路为特征的瓣的反复发展意味着通过调节适应力，反馈机制可以使部分限制条件永存。提出的机制是沉积物载荷与变形速率的耦合，从而使载荷驱动的沉陷将应力集中在盆地边界的断层上，并使盆地中的适应作用永久存在，从而调节了构造作用力。对这种机制的认识对于理解深海褶皱和冲断带的构造地层演化及其中的资源分布具有重要意义。