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The Impact of Climate Change on Ocean Submesoscale Activity
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-08 , DOI: 10.1029/2020jc016750
K. J. Richards 1, 2 , D. B. Whitt 3, 4 , G. Brett 1 , F. O. Bryan 3 , K. Feloy 2 , M. C. Long 3
Affiliation  

Global warming may modify submesoscale activity in the ocean through changes in the mixed layer depth (MLD) and lateral buoyancy gradients. As a case study we consider a region in the NE Atlantic under present and future climate conditions, using a time‐slice method and global and nested regional ocean models. The high resolution regional model reproduces the strong seasonal cycle in submesoscale activity observed under present‐day conditions. Focusing on the well‐resolved winter months, in the future, with a reduction in the MLD, there is a substantial reduction in submesoscale activity, an associated decrease in kinetic energy (KE) at the mesoscale, and the vertical buoyancy flux induced by submesoscale activity is reduced by a factor of 2. When submesoscale activity is suppressed, by increasing the parameterized lateral mixing in the model, the climate change induces a larger reduction in winter MLDs while there is less of a change in KE at the mesoscale. A scaling for the vertical buoyancy flux proposed by (Fox‐Kemper et al., 2008; doi:10.1175/2007JPO3792.1) based on the properties of mixed layer instability (MLI), is found to capture much of the seasonal and future changes to the flux in terms of regional averages as well as the spatial structure, although it over predicts the reduction in the flux in the winter months. The vertical buoyancy flux when the mixed layer is relatively shallow is significantly greater than that given by the scaling based on MLI, suggesting during these times other processes (besides MLI) may dominate submesoscale buoyancy fluxes.

中文翻译:

气候变化对海洋亚尺度活动的影响

全球变暖可能会通过改变混合层深度(MLD)和侧向浮力梯度来改变海洋中亚尺度的活动。作为案例研究,我们使用时间切片方法以及全球和嵌套的区域海洋模型来考虑当前和未来气候条件下东北大西洋的一个区域。高分辨率区域模型再现了在当前条件下观测到的亚中尺度活动的强烈季节性周期。未来着眼于分辨率良好的冬季,随着MLD的减少,亚中尺度活动显着减少,中尺度的动能(KE)随之降低,以及亚中尺度引起的垂直浮力通量活动降低了2倍。当抑制了亚中尺度活动时,通过增加模型中的参数化横向混合,气候变化导致冬季MLD的减少幅度更大,而中尺度上的KE变化则较小。发现(Fox‐Kemper等人,2008; doi:10.1175 / 2007JPO3792.1)基于混合层不稳定性(MLI)的性质提出的垂直浮力通量的标度可捕获许多季节性和未来变化尽管它过度预测了冬季通量的减少,但通量在区域平均值和空间结构方面却有所下降。混合层相对较浅时的垂直浮力通量明显大于基于MLI的缩放比例所给出的值,这表明在这些时间中,其他过程(MLI除外)可能会主导亚中尺度的浮力通量。发现(Fox‐Kemper等人,2008; doi:10.1175 / 2007JPO3792.1)基于混合层不稳定性(MLI)的性质提出的垂直浮力通量的标度可捕获许多季节性和未来变化尽管它过度预测了冬季通量的减少,但通量在区域平均值和空间结构方面却有所下降。混合层相对较浅时的垂直浮力通量明显大于基于MLI的缩放比例所给出的值,这表明在这些时间中,其他过程(MLI除外)可能会主导亚中尺度的浮力通量。发现(Fox‐Kemper等人,2008; doi:10.1175 / 2007JPO3792.1)基于混合层不稳定性(MLI)的性质提出的垂直浮力通量的标度可捕获许多季节性和未来变化尽管它过度预测了冬季通量的减少,但通量在区域平均值和空间结构方面却有所下降。混合层相对较浅时的垂直浮力通量明显大于基于MLI的缩放比例所给出的值,这表明在这些时间中,其他过程(MLI除外)可能会主导亚中尺度的浮力通量。尽管它预测了冬季通量的减少,但据发现,该通量就区域平均值和空间结构而言捕获了通量的许多季节性和未来变化。混合层相对较浅时的垂直浮力通量明显大于基于MLI的缩放比例所给出的值,这表明在这些时间中,其他过程(MLI除外)可能会主导亚中尺度的浮力通量。尽管它预测了冬季通量的减少,但据发现,该通量就区域平均值和空间结构而言捕获了通量的许多季节性和未来变化。混合层相对较浅时的垂直浮力通量明显大于基于MLI的缩放比例所给出的值,这表明在这些时间中,其他过程(MLI除外)可能会主导亚中尺度的浮力通量。
更新日期:2021-04-30
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