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Recent Advances in the Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Modified Chitosan Derivatives: Challenges and Opportunities
Topics in Current Chemistry ( IF 8.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s41061-021-00331-z
T Boominathan 1 , Akella Sivaramakrishna 1
Affiliation  

Chitosan is a very well-known biocompatible and biodegradable polysaccharide consisting of β-(1–4)-linked glucosamine units, derived from the deacetylation of chitin. This unique biopolymer consists of primary amines as well as hydrophilic hydroxyl groups along with the chitosan backbone and has exceptional properties and wide applications. Numerous articles have been devoted to the preparation and properties of chitosan-based biomaterials, which have been demonstrated as beads, films, fibers (2D-scaffolds), gels, sponges (3D-scaffolds), and wound-healing materials. The unusual adsorption capacity of chitosan cross-linked polymer is demonstrated by trapping cations, anions, organic dyes, and pharmaceutical ingredients from wastewater. The most striking manifestations of flexibility in the preparation of these adsorbents have been critically reviewed, and their sorption efficiencies compared. Notably, these materials are also used as drug delivery carriers. Further, various metal-loaded chitosan-based nanocomposite materials have been used efficiently in organic catalytic reactions. As per the rich literature survey, such chitosan-based materials warrant further research due to their abundance, eco-friendliness, and effectiveness towards commercialization. The biotechnological aspects of chitosan may lead to promising low-cost materials and by-products of industrial and agricultural significance. The constant demand for potential adsorbents for the removal of pollutants, can be met by fine-tuning the structural properties of chitosan with appropriate cross-linkers or additives.

Graphic abstract



中文翻译:

改性壳聚糖衍生物的合成,性质及应用的最新进展:挑战与机遇

壳聚糖是一种非常著名的生物相容性和可生物降解的多糖,它由几丁质的脱乙酰化作用形成,由与β-(1-4)连接的葡糖胺单元组成。这种独特的生物聚合物由伯胺以及亲水性羟基和壳聚糖骨架组成,具有出色的性能和广泛的应用。许多关于壳聚糖基生物材料的制备和性质的文章已被专门研究,它们已被证明是珠,薄膜,纤维(2D支架),凝胶,海绵(3D支架)和伤口愈合材料。壳聚糖交联聚合物的异常吸附能力通过捕获废水中的阳离子,阴离子,有机染料和药物成分得到证明。严格审查了这些吸附剂制备中最显着的灵活性,并比较了它们的吸附效率。值得注意的是,这些材料也用作药物输送载体。此外,各种金属负载的壳聚糖基纳米复合材料已经有效地用于有机催化反应中。根据大量的文献调查,这种基于壳聚糖的材料因其含量丰富,生态友好以及对商业化的有效性而值得进一步研究。壳聚糖的生物技术方面可能导致有前途的低成本材料和具有工业和农业意义的副产品。通过使用合适的交联剂或添加剂微调壳聚糖的结构性能,可以满足对去除污染物的潜在吸附剂的不断需求。

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更新日期:2021-04-08
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