Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to synthesize a manufacturing value network for digital multinationals that combines the global reach of multinationals, the power of platform business models and digitalization. Toward this, the authors assess the critical roles platform ecosystems, and Industry 4.0 play in resolving the key challenges associated with asset specificity, location specificity and information asymmetry, inherent in the conventional business models of manufacturing multinationals.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors take an exploratory approach in reviewing industry literature and analyzing implementations of digital technologies in manufacturing and supply chain processes at four large manufacturing multinationals from diverse industry sectors, from electronics to packaged food production. The authors also identify how value-creation activities are relocated, and how players collaborate to create and capture value. Consequently, the authors abstract a framework for global value network of manufacturing multinationals.

Findings

With changing definitions of industry, competition and organizations, the authors’ framework for manufacturing value network establishes the ways digitalization can be integrated in the global businesses of manufacturing multinationals, realizing the combinatorial effect of Industry 4.0 and platform ecosystems. The transformation redefines the ways multinationals have been leveraging their ownership-location-internalization (OLI) advantages. The authors recognize that the multinational orchestrator plays a critical role in creating shared goals for platform participants and governing the dynamics. In addition, the participants' propensity to trust the platform and the perceived trustworthiness of the orchestrator shape the scope and boundaries of the platform.

Originality/value

The authors raise critical questions about the role of multinational orchestrator and trust dimensions. In addition, the OLI-platform paradigm that incorporates the combinatorial effect of platform ecosystem and Industry 4.0 explains how multinationals create and capture value in new ways.

中文翻译：

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全球制造业价值网络：评估平台生态系统和工业4.0的关键作用

目的

本文的目的是为数字跨国公司综合一个制造价值网络，该网络将跨国公司的全球影响力，平台业务模型的力量和数字化相结合。为此，作者评估了平台生态系统的关键作用，而工业4.0在解决与制造跨国公司的传统业务模型固有的资产特异性，位置特异性和信息不对称性相关的关键挑战中发挥了作用。

设计/方法/方法

作者采用探索性方法来审查行业文献，并分析了从电子行业到包装食品生产行业的四个大型制造业跨国公司在制造和供应链流程中数字技术的实施情况。作者还确定了价值创造活动的重新定位方式，以及参与者如何协作创造和获取价值的方式。因此，作者抽象了制造跨国公司全球价值网络的框架。

发现

随着行业，竞争和组织的定义不断变化，作者的制造价值网络框架建立了将数字化整合到制造跨国公司的全球业务中的方式，从而实现了工业4.0和平台生态系统的组合效应。转型重新定义了跨国公司利用其所有权-位置-内部化（OLI）优势的方式。作者认识到，跨国协调员在为平台参与者创建共享目标并控制动态方面发挥着关键作用。此外，参与者对平台的信任倾向和协调器的可感知可信度决定了平台的范围和边界。

创意/价值

作者提出了有关跨国协调者和信任维度的关键问题。此外，结合了平台生态系统和工业4.0的组合效应的OLI平台范式说明了跨国公司如何以新方式创造和获取价值。