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Temporal dynamics and drivers of lake ecosystem metabolism using high resolution observations in a shallow, tropical, eutrophic lake (Laguna Lake, Philippines)
Journal of Great Lakes Research ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2021.03.017
Eugene C. Herrera , Kazuo Nadaoka

The physical, chemical, and biological dynamics under changing atmospheric conditions of Laguna Lake, Philippines were analyzed from intensive observations. Diel measurements were conducted for 48 continuous hours for both dry and wet tropical seasons in addition to fine resolution long-term monitoring. Results revealed significant vertical and diel variations of lake variables in spite of a shallow water depth (2.5 m) caused by the intense surface heating from solar irradiance (~800 W m−2) and accentuated by the lake's high turbidity (16–32 ftu). Late afternoon land-lake breeze (~5–7 m s−1) regularly breaks daytime thermal stratification, and convective cooling at night maintains isothermal condition until dawn of the next day. The stratified condition demonstrated a wind-driven, density-induced 2-layer current pattern with a windward moving epilimnion (~4 folds faster) and a compensating hypolimnetic flow in the general lake circulation direction. Laguna Lake was observed to have a dominating diel cycle but also undergoes significant seasonal limnological variations brought primarily by climate, hydrology, and its interaction with the adjacent sea. Significantly correlated variations of pH, chlorophyll-a and DO in the dry season were indicative of the higher biological activity associated with the intrusion of polluted waters from Metro Manila. The non-occurrence of thermal over-turn was observed to be regularly followed by bottom hypoxic conditions (2–4 mg L−1), indicative of the eutrophic condition of the lake and the importance of diel wind-induced mixing in the bottom supply of DO. Laguna Lake was found to be predominantly net heterotrophic (GPP:R < 1, NEP < 0).



中文翻译:

在浅水、热带、富营养化湖泊(拉古纳湖,菲律宾)中使用高分辨率观测的湖泊生态系统代谢的时间动态和驱动因素

通过密集观测分析了菲律宾拉古纳湖在不断变化的大气条件下的物理、化学和生物动力学。除了高分辨率的长期监测外,还对干燥和潮湿的热带季节进行了连续 48 小时的 Diel 测量。结果显示,尽管由于太阳辐照度 (~800 W m -2 )的强烈表面加热导致水深较浅 (2.5 m ) 并因湖泊的高浊度 (16-32 ftu )。傍晚陆湖微风(~5–7 m s −1) 定期打破白天的热分层,夜间对流冷却保持等温状态,直到第二天黎明。分层条件显示出风驱动的、密度引起的 2 层电流模式,具有迎风移动的浮水(约快 4 倍)和在一般湖泊循环方向上的补偿性下沉流。拉古纳湖被观察到有一个主要的昼夜循环,但也经历了主要由气候、水文及其与邻近海洋的相互作用带来的显着的季节性湖沼学变化。pH、叶绿素-a显着相关变化旱季的 DO 和 DO 表明与马尼拉大都会污染水的入侵相关的生物活动较高。观察到未发生热翻转后有规律地出现底部缺氧条件(2-4 mg L -1),表明湖泊的富营养化条件和底部供应中的风诱导混合的重要性做。拉古纳湖被发现主要是净异养(GPP:R < 1,NEP < 0)。

更新日期:2021-04-08
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