The theoretical work of Thomas Hobbes marks the dawn of political modernity and thus also the beginning of modern reasoning about governing. In his Leviathan, Hobbes creates the modern space of the political through the exclusion of the world’s social and natural abundance. This crossroads of political thinking might not least be of relevance for the Anthropocene. After all, affirming the Anthropocene returns mankind to a cosmos of infinite human–nature interrelationships, which strongly resembles Hobbes’s conceptual depiction of the premodern state of nature and its incomprehensible, contingent, and precarious world, a world that Hobbes had intended to ban for good. In this context, this article reconsiders the state of nature’s internal dynamics in its relevance for governing in the Anthropocene—at the expense of the normative claims of modernist governing. After all, embracing the complex ontologies of the Anthropocene and the state of nature disperses agency among the human and nonhuman world, which questions the idea of ethical and political accountability. Without such a reference, governing runs the risk of becoming arbitrary and thereby another shallow projection of modernist conceptions. This article develops an interpretation of political subjectivity as a reference for governing, deriving from the materialistic world of the Hobbesian state of nature. On this foundation, the article elaborates on how this reading of subjectivity reconfigures the conception of political space and how this shift affects the scope of governing.

托马斯·霍布斯（Thomas Hobbes）的理论著作标志着政治现代性的曙光，因此也标志着关于治理的现代推理的开始。在他的利维坦，霍布斯通过排除世界的社会和自然资源创造了现代的政治空间。政治思维的这种十字路口可能至少与人类世有关。毕竟，肯定人类世使人类回到了无限的人与自然的相互关系的宇宙，这与霍布斯对前现代自然状态及其不可理解，偶然和可危的世界的概念描述非常相似，霍布斯曾打算禁止这个世界禁止美好的生活。 。在这种情况下，本文重新考虑了自然状态与人类世统治相关的内部动力状态，但以现代主义统治的规范主张为代价。毕竟，拥抱人类世界的复杂本体论和自然状态在人类和非人类世界之间分散了代理机构，这对道德和政治责任制的概念提出了质疑。没有这样的参考，执政就会有变得武断的风险，从而导致现代主义观念的另一浅浅的投射。本文从霍布斯自然状态的物质世界出发，发展了对政治主体性的解释，作为执政的参考。在此基础上，本文详细阐述了对主体性的理解如何重新构造了政治空间的概念，以及这种转变如何影响执政范围。源自霍布斯自然状态的唯物主义世界。在此基础上，本文详细阐述了对主体性的理解如何重新构造了政治空间的概念，以及这种转变如何影响执政范围。源自霍布斯自然状态的唯物主义世界。在此基础上，本文详细阐述了对主体性的理解如何重新构造了政治空间的概念，以及这种转变如何影响执政范围。