We describe three new hyaenodonts from the late Ypresian locality of Prémontré (Aisne, France; close to MP 10 reference level). The new species – Lesmesodon gunnelli nov. sp., Cynohyaenodon smithae nov. sp., and Eurotherium mapplethorpei nov. sp. – represent the oldest occurrences of these three European genera. Lesmesodon gunnelli nov. sp. is also reported from the locality of Cuis (Marne, France; Ypresian, ~MP 10). We further present the dentition of two specimens of Lesmesodon edingeri from Messel (Hessia, Germany; type locality of the genus) based on µCT scans. Cynohyaenodon smithae nov. sp. and Lesmesodon gunnelli nov. sp. support the presence of small (300–400 g) hyaenodonts in the late Ypresian of the Paris Basin. Estimates of dental indices indicate that these hyaenodonts had an insectivorous diet. The third species – referred to Eurotherium – may have weighed 4–5 kg and, based on dental indices, likely incorporated more vertebrate prey into its diet. We also performed a phylogenetic analysis in order to test the relationships of these new taxa. These newly discovered species imply that the Proviverra/Allopterodon, Cynohyaenodon, and Eurotherium clades appeared in Europe earlier than previously known (i.e., Lutetian, MP 11). They reinforce the hypothesis that the hyaenodonts radiated during the middle-late Ypresian (MP 8/9–10) in Europe and adapted at that time to diverse ecological niches that they still occupied in the Priabonian (MP 13–14).

我们描述了来自伊普雷西亚晚期地区 Prémontré（法国艾纳；接近 MP  10 参考水平）的三种新鬣齿兽。新物种 – Lesmesodon gunnelli nov。sp., Cynohyaenodon smithae nov. sp. 和Eurotherium mapplethorpei nov。sp. – 代表这三个欧洲属中最古老的物种。Lesmesodon gunnelli十一月 sp. 也有来自 Cuis 地区的报道（法国马恩省；Ypresian，~MP 10）。我们进一步展示了基于 μCT 扫描的 Messel（德国黑森州；该属的类型所在地）的两个Lesmesodon edingeri标本的牙列。Cynohyaenodon smithae 11月 sp. 和Lesmesodon gunnelli十一月 sp. 支持在巴黎盆地的伊普勒西亚晚期存在小型（300-400 g）鬣齿兽。牙齿指数的估计表明这些鬣齿兽以食虫为食。第三个物种——被称为Eurotherium——可能重 4-5 公斤，根据牙齿指数，它的饮食中可能包含更多的脊椎动物猎物。我们还进行了系统发育分析以测试这些新分类群的关系。这些新发现的物种意味着Proviverra / Allopterodon、Cynohyaenodon和Eurotherium进化枝在欧洲出现的时间比以前知道的要早（即 Lutetian，MP 11）。他们强化了这样的假设，即鬣齿兽在欧洲的伊普勒斯中晚期 (MP 8/9-10) 辐射，并在当时适应了它们在普里亚博尼亚 (MP 13-14) 仍然占据的不同生态位。