Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports Pub Date : 2021-04-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102952 Anahí Hernández , G. Lorena L'Heureux , Juan B. Leoni
This paper aims to contribute to the study of the subsistence of human populations from the northern part of the Quebrada de Humahuaca (Northwestern Argentina –NWA-) between 3000 and 900 years BP, through the morphological and morphometric analysis of bone remains from large-sized camelids. The contribution of two complementary strategies -guanaco (Lama guanicoe) hunting and llama (Lama glama) herding- to the diet of those populations throughout the late Holocene is assessed. In order to achieve this, the first and second anterior and posterior phalanges are analyzed through both traditional morphometric (TM) and two-dimensional geometric morphometric (2D GMM) techniques. The sample is composed of 398 elements from 49 modern llamas and guanacos, and 36 elements from archaeological camelids recovered from the Antumpa, Cóndor II and Casas Grandes sites. We discuss the problem of the taxonomic identification of South American large-sized camelids with a novel methodology and we contribute relevant zooarchaeological information for a poorly studied geographical setting. Results indicate that llama herding prevailed throughout the late Holocene (4000-300 AP), although TM techniques showed a slight increase in guanaco hunting during the final late Holocene (1100-300 BP) and GMM showed a constant frequency of representation. The trends and variations thus identified would respond to both anthropic and local ecological factors.
中文翻译:
在中南部安第斯山脉(3000-900 BP)进行的瓜纳科狩猎和骆马放牧:骨形态计量学方法
本文旨在通过对大型残骸进行形态学和形态学分析,为研究在3,000至900年BP之间的Quebrada de Humahuaca北部(阿根廷西北部–NWA-)的人口的生存状况做出贡献骆驼科。两种互补策略的贡献-猎骆驼(Lama guanicoe)和美洲驼(Lama glama)。)-评估整个全新世晚期这些人群的饮食。为了实现这一点,通过传统形态计量学(TM)和二维几何形态计量学(2D GMM)技术对第一和第二前,后指骨进行了分析。该样本由来自49个现代美洲驼和鬣蜥的398种元素组成,以及从安托普塔,康多二世和卡萨斯格兰德斯遗址回收的考古骆驼科动物的36种元素组成。我们用一种新颖的方法讨论了南美大型骆驼科动物的分类学识别问题,并且我们为一个研究不多的地理环境提供了相关的动物考古学信息。结果表明,整个新世晚期(4000-300年),美洲驼放牧盛行,尽管TM技术显示在最后的全新世(1100-300 BP)期间探查鸟的猎物略有增加,而GMM显示了恒定的代表频率。这样确定的趋势和变化将对人类和当地的生态因素作出反应。