Bilingual education as a whole has been gentrifying, as more privileged students replace Transnational Language Learners (TLLs) in bilingual education spaces and policies (Valdez et al. in Educ Policy 30(6):849–883, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1177/0895904814556750). We argue this is an extension of coloniality (Mignolo in Local histories/global designs: coloniality, subaltern knowledges, and border thinking, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2000/2012): as two-way bilingual education (TWBE) policies are enacted, they are shaped by globalizing, neoliberal, and monoglossic discourses that have a history of dispossessing and erasing minoritized peoples and languages. Taking a critical constructivist grounded theory approach, this study brings together three unique data sets from the US Midwest, Southeast, and Texas to question: How does gentrification manifest in TWBE across policy scales and contexts? And how are stakeholders responding to or resisting gentrification and its underlying coloniality? Regardless of the varying state policy and local contexts, each TWBE program in our study experienced gentrification. Specifically, TLLs and their Spanish language(s) were replaced or diminished as TWBE policy enactment intersected with district and state policies, particularly those shaping enrollment, transportation, course scheduling, and teacher and student recruitment. While the analysis focuses on gentrification processes through policy enactment, we also detail spaces of consciousness where stakeholders recognized and resisted them and conclude with a discussion on how coloniality is both manifested and can be challenged in language policy enactment.

整体上双语教育一直在绅士化，因为更多的特权学生在双语教育空间和政策中取代了跨国语言学习者（TLD）（Valdez等人，在《教育政策》 30（6）：849–883，2016. https：// doi .org / 10.1177 / 0895904814556750）。我们认为这是殖民主义的延伸（当地历史/全球设计中的米诺洛：殖民主义，次要知识和边界思维，普林斯顿大学出版社，普林斯顿，2000/2012）：随着双向双语教育（TWBE）政策的制定，它们是由全球化，新自由主义和单一语言的话语形成的，这些话语具有剥夺和消除少数群体的人民和语言的历史。本研究采用批判性的建构主义扎根理论方法，汇集了来自美国中西部，东南部和德克萨斯州的三个独特的数据集来质疑：TWBE在各种政策规模和背景下如何在TWBE中体现出来？利益相关者如何应对或抵制中产阶级化及其潜在的殖民主义？无论国家政策和当地情况如何变化，我们研究中的每个TWBE计划都经历了高档化。具体而言，随着TWBE政策法规与地区和州政策相交叉，尤其是那些影响入学，交通，课程安排以及师生招募的政策，TLL及其西班牙语已被替换或减少。尽管分析着重于通过制定政策制定高级化进程，但我们还详细介绍了利益相关者认可和抵制意识形态的意识空间，并讨论了如何在语言政策制定过程中体现殖民性并对其提出挑战。