Abstract

There are known cultural variations in correlates of and symptoms related to suicide-related thoughts and behaviors; however, the majority of research that informs suicide prevention in school systems has focused on research based on Euro-American/White students. By exploring school-related risk and protective factors in ethnic-racial minoritized students, we expand existing multicultural models of suicide prevention for school settings. Specifically, this systematic literature review identified 33 studies conducted with American Indian and Alaskan Native, Hispanic and Latinx, Black and African American, and Asian American and Pacific Islander students. Findings underscore the importance of building relationships with the school community and fostering a sense of safety for students, the need to approach school-based suicide prevention and intervention with cultural considerations, and the importance of connecting students and families with providers in culturally sensitive and informed ways. Taken together, schools need to build school–family–community partnerships that promote culturally sensitive approaches to suicide prevention.

Impact Statement

Findings from this review underscore the importance of strengthening school relationships, fostering a sense of safety and trust, and eradicating bullying for preventing suicide in ethnic-racial minoritized students. By expanding on previous theories of multicultural suicide prevention, we call for the implementation of culturally sensitive risk assessments and suicide prevention programs in school settings that are built from partnerships with families and communities.

摘要

与自杀相关的想法和行为的相关因素和症状存在已知的文化差异；然而，大多数为学校系统中的自杀预防提供信息的研究都集中在基于欧美/白人学生的研究上。通过探索少数民族学生的学校相关风险和保护因素，我们扩展了学校环境中现有的多元文化自杀预防模型。具体来说，这项系统的文献综述确定了 33 项针对美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民、西班牙裔和拉丁裔、黑人和非裔美国人以及亚裔美国人和太平洋岛民学生进行的研究。调查结果强调了与学校社区建立关系和培养学生安全感的重要性，需要从文化角度考虑以学校为基础的自杀预防和干预，以及以文化敏感和知情的方式将学生和家庭与提供者联系起来的重要性。总而言之，学校需要建立学校-家庭-社区的伙伴关系，以促进对文化敏感的自杀预防方法。

影响声明

本次审查的结果强调了加强学校关系、培养安全感和信任感以及消除欺凌以防止少数民族学生自杀的重要性。通过扩展以前的多元文化自杀预防理论，我们呼吁在与家庭和社区建立伙伴关系的学校环境中实施文化敏感的风险评估和自杀预防计划。