Hydrogeological responses to earthquakes such as changes in groundwater level, temperature, and chemistry, have been observed for several decades. This study examines behavior associated with M_L 5.8 and M_L 5.1 earthquakes that occurred on 12 September 2016 near Gyeongju, a city located on the southeast coast of the Korean peninsula. The M_L 5.8 event stands as the largest recorded earthquake in South Korea since the advent of modern recording systems. There was considerable damage associated with the earthquakes and many aftershocks. Records from monitoring wells located about 135 km west of the epicenter displayed various patterns of change in both water level and temperature. There were transient-type, step-like-type (up and down), and persistent-type (rise and fall) changes in water levels. The water temperature changes were of transient, shift-change, and tendency-change types. Transient changes in the groundwater level and temperature were particularly well developed in monitoring wells installed along a major boundary fault that bisected the study area. These changes were interpreted as representing an aquifer system deformed by seismic waves. The various patterns in groundwater level and temperature, therefore, suggested that seismic waves impacted the fractured units through the reactivation of fractures, joints, and microcracks, which resulted from a pulse in fluid pressure. This study points to the value of long-term monitoring efforts, which in this case were able to provide detailed information needed to manage the groundwater resources in areas potentially affected by further earthquakes.

几十年来一直观察到对地震的水文地质响应，例如地下水位，温度和化学变化。这项研究调查了与2016年9月12日发生在朝鲜半岛东南海岸庆州附近的M _L 5.8和M _L 5.1地震有关的行为。在M_大号5.8事件是自现代记录系统问世以来韩国最大的记录地震。地震和余震造成了相当大的破坏。震中以西约135公里处的监测井的记录显示了水位和温度的各种变化模式。水位有瞬时型，阶梯型（上升和下降）和持续型（上升和下降）变化。水温变化是瞬态，位移变化和趋势变化类型。地下水水位和温度的瞬态变化在沿沿研究区域一分为二的主要边界断层处安装的监测井中得到了很好的发展。这些变化被解释为代表由地震波变形的含水层系统。因此，地下水水位和温度的各种模式表明，地震波通过流体压力脉冲引起的裂缝，接缝和微裂缝的重新激活而影响了裂缝单元。这项研究指出了长期监测工作的价值，这种监测在这种情况下能够提供管理可能受到进一步地震影响的地区的地下水资源所需的详细信息。