National culture is among those societal factors which could influence research and innovation activities. In this study, we investigated the associations of two national culture models with citation impact of nations (measured by the proportion of papers belonging to the 10 % and 1 % most cited papers in the corresponding fields, PP_top10% and PP_{top 1%}). Bivariate statistical analyses showed that of six Hofstede’s national culture dimensions (HNCD), uncertainty avoidance and power distance had a statistically significant negative association, while individualism and indulgence had a statistically significant positive association with both citation impact indicators (PP_top10% and PP_top1%). The study also revealed that of two Inglehart-Welzel cultural values (IWCV), the value survival versus self-expression is statistically significantly related to both citation impact indicators (PP_top10% and PP_{top 1%}). We additionally calculated multiple regression analyses controlling for the possible effects of confounding factors including national self-citations, international co-authorships, investments in research and development, international migrant stock, number of researchers of each nation, language, and productivity. The results revealed that the statistically significant associations of HNCD with citation impact indicators disappeared. But the statistically significant relationship between survivals versus self-expression values and both citation impact indicators remained stable even after controlling for the confounding variables. Thus, the freedom of expression and trust in society might contribute to better scholarly communication systems, higher level of international collaborations, and further quality research.

民族文化是可能影响研究和创新活动的社会因素之一。在这项研究中，我们调查了两种国家文化模型与国家引文影响之间的联系（通过相应领域中被引用次数最多的论文的10％和1％的论文_比例（PP_最高10％和PP_最高1％）来衡量） 。双变量统计分析表明六个霍夫斯泰德的民族文化维度（HNCD）的，不确定性规避和权力距离有统计学显著负相关，而个人主义和放任了既引文影响力指标（PP统计学显著正相关_TOP10％和PP _TOP1％）。该研究还表明，2英格尔哈特-威尔兹尔文化值（IWCV）的，则该值与存活的自我表达在统计学上显著相关二者引用影响指标（PP _TOP10％和PP_前1％的）。我们还计算了多元回归分析，以控制混杂因素的可能影响，这些因素包括国家自我引用，国际合著，对研究与开发的投资，国际移民存量，每个国家的研究人员人数，语言和生产力。结果表明，HNCD与引证影响指标之间的统计学显着关联消失了。但是，即使在控制了混杂变量之后，生存率与自我表达值以及两个引文影响指标之间的统计上显着的关系仍然保持稳定。因此，表达和信任社会的自由可能有助于更好的学术交流体系，更高水平的国际合作以及进一步的高质量研究。