Perfectionism has long been recognised as a psychological factor that can enhance or interfere with the healthy adjustment of young students who are academically gifted. However, it is apparent from existing research that a wide range of methods have been adopted to study perfectionism in this population. To identify what is currently known about perfectionism among these students and what future work needs to be undertaken, a systematic review of existing research is required. The aim of our study was to provide a first such review. In doing so, we utilised the two-factor perfectionism model which differentiates between perfectionistic strivings (PS) and perfectionistic concerns (PC). A systematic literature search returned 36 studies examining perfectionism in young students identified as academically gifted that varied in study characteristics, methodological quality, and findings. Of these studies, 24 adopted a variable-based approach to examining perfectionism (i.e., examined PS and PC) and 12 adopted a group-based approach to examining perfectionism (i.e., examined groups with varying levels of PS and PC). The findings show that the distinction between PS and PC is extremely important. Specifically, while PC are likely to be uniformly debilitating for students who are academically gifted, PS are associated with more mixed outcomes. This is also the case when the two dimensions of perfectionism are considered in combination, with levels of PC being the key factor in determining the outcomes associated with perfectionism. Future research needs to build on the existing evidence base in a systematic fashion and prioritise longitudinal research and intervention studies.

长期以来，完美主义一直被认为是一种心理因素，可以增强或干扰有学问的年轻学生的健康适应能力。但是，从现有研究中可以明显看出，已经采用了多种方法来研究该群体中的完美主义。为了确定目前在这些学生中关于完美主义的知识以及需要开展的未来工作，需要对现有研究进行系统的审查。我们研究的目的是提供第一个这样的评论。在此过程中，我们利用了两因素完美主义模型，该模型区分了完美主义努力（PS）和完美主义关注点（PC）。通过系统的文献检索，我们发现了36​​项研究，研究了年轻学生的完美主义，这些年轻人被认为是具有学术天赋的人，他们的学习特点各不相同，方法学质量和发现。在这些研究中，有24个采用基于变量的方法来检查完美主义（即，检查了PS和PC），而12个采用了基于组的方法来检查完美主义（即，检查了具有不同水平的PS和PC的组）。研究结果表明，PS和PC之间的区别非常重要。具体来说，虽然PC可能会给有学历的学生带来同样的挫败感，但PS会带来更多不同的结果。当将完美主义的两个维度结合起来考虑时，情况也是如此，PC的水平是确定与完美主义相关的结果的关键因素。未来的研究需要以系统的方式建立在现有证据基础上，并优先进行纵向研究和干预研究。