The human-driven loss of biodiversity has numerous ecological, social, and economic impacts at the local and global levels, threatening important ecological functions and jeopardizing human well-being. In this perspective, we present an overview of how tropical defaunation—defined as the disappearance of fauna as a result of anthropogenic drivers such as hunting and habitat alteration in tropical forest ecosystems—is interlinked with four selected Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We discuss tropical defaunation related to nutrition and zero hunger (SDG 2), good health and well-being (SDG 3), climate action (SDG 13), and life on land (SDG 15). We propose a range of options on how to study defaunation in future research and how to address the ongoing tropical defaunation crisis, including but not limited to recent insights from policy, conservation management, and development practice.

人为造成的生物多样性丧失在地方和全球层面产生了许多生态、社会和经济影响，威胁着重要的生态功能并危及人类福祉。从这个角度来看，我们概述了热带动物区系丧失（定义为热带森林生态系统中狩猎和栖息地改变等人为驱动因素导致动物群消失）与四个选定的可持续发展目标（SDG）之间的关联。我们讨论了与营养和零饥饿（SDG 2）、良好的健康和福祉（SDG 3）、气候行动（SDG 13）和陆地生物（SDG 15）相关的热带动物区系丧失。我们就如何在未来研究中研究动物区系丧失以及如何解决持续的热带动物区系丧失危机提出了一系列选项，包括但不限于最近的政策见解，