This paper proposes a model predictive control scheme with a higher-level open-loop torque control and an underlying continuous-control-set model predictive current control (CCS-MPCC) combined with a space vector modulation and an integrated harmonic reference generator (HRG) for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), which is able to utilize the DC-link voltage of a two-level inverter to its maximum during transient and steady-state conditions. By formulating the CCS-MPCC as a quadratic program with the voltage hexagon as inequality constraints, the MPCC's typical dynamic response can be achieved during transient operation. When the overmodulation region is reached, additional current harmonics are induced by the voltage constraints, causing a deterioration of the controller's performance. To overcome this problem a HRG is introduced, which calculates at each sampling instant a reference current that contains these harmonics by solving a boundary value problem, using an overmodulation method under the assumption of steady state.Hence, the HRG performs a model-based current reference trajectory prediction ensuring that the CCS-MPCC can enter the overmodulation region. This allows highest control dynamics even at the voltage constraint while ensuring a seamless transition from linear modulation to overmodulation and six-step operation. The method presented here is able to operate in the entire speed range including standstill. Thus, it is not necessary to switch between different controller frameworks for the constant-torque and constant-power regions. Extensive simulative and experimental investigations for a highly utilized PMSM with significant (cross-)saturation effects prove the viability of the proposed control methodology.

中文翻译：

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包含六步运行的过调制区域中永磁同步电动机的模型预测控制

本文提出了一种模型预测控制方案，该方案具有更高级别的开环转矩控制以及与空间矢量调制和集成谐波参考发生器（HRG）相结合的底层连续控制集模型预测电流控制（CCS-MPCC）用于永磁同步电动机（PMSM），它能够在瞬态和稳态条件下将两电平逆变器的直流母线电压发挥到最大。通过将CCS-MPCC公式化为二次程序，并以电压六边形作为不等式约束，可以在瞬态工作期间实现MPCC的典型动态响应。当达到过调制区域时，电压约束会引起额外的电流谐波，从而导致控制器性能下降。为了解决这个问题，引入了HRG，HRG在稳态下使用过调制方法在每个采样时刻通过解决边界值问题来计算包含这些谐波的参考电流。因此，HRG执行基于模型的电流参考轨迹预测，确保CCS-MPCC可以进入过调制区域。即使在电压限制下，这也可以实现最高的控制动态，同时确保从线性调制到过调制和六步操作的无缝过渡。此处介绍的方法能够在包括静止在内的整个速度范围内运行。因此，不必在恒定转矩和恒定功率区域的不同控制器框架之间切换。