Hydrochemistry of the rift margin environments in the Albertine Graben (Uganda) was used to understand the influence of both geology (Albertine Rift, Karuma, and Bunyoro Groups) and potential chemical contaminants derived from petroleum development on groundwater resources. Petroleum development is taking place in a highly populated region where groundwater is the main source of domestic water supply whose origin of potential contaminants is uncertain. Surface and ground water major chemistry and heavy metals for wet (n = 62) and dry (n = 63) seasons, and archived/historical data (n = 124) and stable (δ¹⁸O and δ²H) isotope data (n = 41) and archived/historical (n = 384) were analysed. WHO (2012) guideline values exceedance included physico-chemical (pH, EC, TDS), major chemical parameters (Ca²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, and SO ²⁻₄ ) and heavy metals (Pb, Fe, As, Mn, and Hg), ranging from 2 to 100%, during both wet and dry seasons. Key processes influencing groundwater chemistry are weathering of felsic granites and reverse cation exchange in both wet and dry seasons. Groundwater is predominantly earth alkaline in both Bunyoro and Karuma Groups and alkalis in the Albertine Rift, with bicarbonate as the major anion. Multivariate statistical analyses attribute the presence of heavy metals (Fe, Hg, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Mn) to anthropogenic sources associated with petroleum development. Geogenic sources are suggested for all the major cations and anions and some heavy metals (Pb, As, Cr, and Co). Environmental isotope data suggested recharge by direct precipitation to the Albertine Rift, Karuma, and Bunyoro Groups as well as through the rift margin environment.

阿尔伯丁·格拉本（乌干达）的裂谷边缘环境的水化学被用来了解地质学（阿尔伯丁·裂谷，Karuma和Bunyoro组）以及石油开发产生的潜在化学污染物对地下水资源的影响。石油开发是在人口稠密的地区进行的，那里的地下水是家庭供水的主要来源，其潜在污染物的来源尚不确定。地表水和地下水的主要化学和重金属对湿（Ñ  = 62）和干燥（Ñ  = 63）的季节，并存档/历史数据（Ñ  = 124）和稳定（δ ¹⁸ O和δ ² 2H）同位素数据（Ñ  = 41）和存档/历史记录（n = 384）进行了分析。WHO（2012）准则值超标包括物理化学（pH，EC，TDS），主要化学参数（Ca 2 ⁺，Na ⁺，K ⁺和SO ²⁻ ₄ ）和重金属（铅，铁，砷，锰和汞），在潮湿和干燥季节都在2％到100％之间。影响地下水化学的关键过程是长花岗岩的风化和干湿季节的阳离子交换。在Bunyoro和Karuma组中，地下水主要为碱土金属，在Albertine Rift中为碱金属，碳酸氢盐为主要阴离子。多变量统计分析将重金属（铁，汞，镉，铜，锌和锰）的存在归因于与石油开发相关的人为来源。建议所有主要阳离子和阴离子以及一些重金属（铅，砷，铬和钴）的成因来源。环境同位素数据表明，通过直接降水到阿尔伯丁大裂谷，Karuma和Bunyoro组以及通过裂谷边缘环境来补给。