Phylogenetic and phylogeographic patterns in Allium section Decipientia (subgenus Melanocrommyum) were analysed, including most species of this section and representative species of most other sections of the monophyletic Allium subgenus Melanocrommyum. We constructed a molecular phylogenetic tree based on predominantly non-coding sequences from nuclear ribosomal RNA and four plastid regions. In Allium section Decipientia, 2n = 16 and 2n = 20 chromosomes were confirmed and, in part, newly reported. All plants with 2n = 20 form a clade that is sister to the European A. decipiens and A. quercetorum with 2n = 16 in the ITS analysis and are genetically distant from the Eurasian steppe species with 16 chromosomes, A. tulipifolium and A. robustum. The plastid analysis does not reveal a clear relationship between these three monophyletic groups. The karyotype of A. tulipifolium is similar to those of other members of subgenus Melanocrommyum, but only preliminary chromosomal dimensions could be presented for the species with 2n = 20 chromosomes. The latter group comprises A. grande, A. subscabrum, A. viridulum and the newly described taxa A. koksuense and A. lepsicum. Allium tulipifolium and A. robustum have been placed in a new section Tulipifolia, and all species with 2n = 20 have been placed in a new subsection, Viceniprason, of section Decipientia. A nomenclatorial conspectus and a key for determination of the members of Allium sections Decipientia and Tulipifolia are also provided. According to the time divergence estimation, subgenus Melanocrommyum diversified c. 25 Mya in the late Oligocene. The split between most species of the section Decipientia and other taxa in this subgenus was estimated as early Miocene, which furthermore diversified into two sister clades in mid Miocene. Allium decipiens split off from the ancestors of the 2n = 20 species also in the mid Miocene. Further branching in this species group is of rather young age, and occurred within the last 6 Myr (late Miocene to late Pliocene and Pleistocene).

中文翻译：

---

葱属（石蒜科）的分类学和系统发育学：形态特征不反映分子标记所揭示的进化历史

分析了葱属部分Decipientia（Melanocrommyum亚属）的系统发育和系统地理模式，包括该部分的大多数物种和单系葱属Melanocrommyum亚属的大多数其他部分的代表性物种。我们基于来自核核糖体 RNA 和四个质体区域的主要非编码序列构建了分子系统发育树。在葱属部分 Decipientia 中，确认了 2n = 16 和 2n = 20 条染色体，并且部分是新报道的。在 ITS 分析中，所有 2n = 20 的植物形成一个进化枝，它是欧洲 A. decipiens 和 A. quercetorum 的姐妹，在 ITS 分析中 2n = 16，并且与具有 16 条染色体的欧亚草原物种 A. tulipifolium 和 A. robustum 在遗传上相距甚远. 质体分析没有揭示这三个单系群之间的明确关系。A. tulipifolium 的核型与 Melanocrommyum 亚属的其他成员相似，但对于具有 2n = 20 条染色体的物种，只能呈现初步的染色体尺寸。后一组包括 A. grande、A. subscabrum、A. viridulum 和新描述的分类群 A. koksuense 和 A. lepsicum。Allium tulipifolium 和 A. robustum 已被放置在一个新的 Tulipifolia 部分中，所有 2n = 20 的物种已被放置在 Decipientia 部分的一个新的小节 Viceniprason 中。还提供了一份命名概要和确定葱属部分 Decipientia 和 Tulipifolia 成员的关键。根据时间分歧估计，Melanocrommyum 亚属多样化 c。渐新世晚期的 25 Mya。Decipientia 部分的大多数物种与该亚属中的其他分类群之间的分裂估计为早中新世，在中新世中期进一步分化为两个姐妹进化枝。Allium decipiens 在中新世中期也从 2n = 20 种的祖先中分离出来。该物种群的进一步分枝相当年轻，并且发生在最后 6 Myr（晚中新世至晚上新世和更新世）内。